SIRS S EPSIS S EVERE S EPSIS S EPTIC S HOCK D EATH Early recognition Early antibiotics Source control
SIRS S EPSIS S EVERE S EPSIS S EPTIC S HOCK D EATH Temperature: >38.3 or < 36 o C Heart Rate: >90bpm Respiratory Rate: >20 WCC: >12 or <4
SIRS
newsing [new sing] verb 1.a NEWS aggregate score of 5 or more (or red in one parameter), sufficient to prompt clinician referral she is newsing at 8
Kaukonen et al. NEJM ;372(17):
Patients With Severe Sepsis SIRS -ve SIRS +ve SIRS miss 1 in 8
T IME F OR C HANGE ?
Organ dysfunction should prompt consideration of infection
R ESPIRATORY : Pa02/FiO2 ratio N EUROLOGICAL : GCS C ARDIOVASCULAR : MAP or drugs C OAGULATION : Platelets L IVER : Bilirubin R ENAL : Creatinine and urine output SOFA Score February 2016 qSOFA
Krebs cycle Pyruvate Glucose Glycolysis Anaerobic Aerobic Lactate Anaerobic
Lactate Time Poor prognosis Better prognosis Resuscitation
Time is Cytokine 8% per hour Antibiotic delays increase mortality
Kumar et al. Crit Care Med (6):
Statistical significance only reached after 3 hours Ferrer R et al. Crit Care Med (8): Empiric Antibiotic Treatment in Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Time to Antibiotic hr -1
A NTIBIOTIC S TEWARDSHIP D ELAYED T HERAPY
45% mortality 30% mortality Rivers et al. NEJM : Early Goal Directed Therapy
International Multicentre Prevalence Study on Sepsis (IMPRESS Study) 30% (14%) 26% 44% 26% 36% 35% Hospital mortality 20% v 31% if compliant with 3 hour sepsis bundle
S OURCE C ONTROL
F LUID Resuscitation
Meant is not said, said is not heard, heard is not understood, understood is not done. “ ”