WWI Aftermath HW Quiz 1. What agreement ended World War I? 2. What was Woodrow Wilson’s plan for creating lasting peace in Europe after World War I? 3. Explain the most important part of Woodrow Wilson’s plan. 4. What was the name of the panic that occurred based on fears of a Communist revolution in the United States? 5. Who was elected because he promised a “return to normalcy”? Bonus (10 points): Which law ended the abuses of the spoils system?

Guided Reading, pages What was the name of the treaty that ended WWI? 2. Which countries were represented in the “Big Four”? 3. What was the purpose of Wilson’s Fourteen Points? 4. What is national self-determination? 5. What part of the Fourteen Points is ultimately adopted? 6. Who is blamed for the war in the treaty? 7. What does the U.S. Senate do regarding the League of Nations? 8. Describe the state of the economy immediately following WWI. 9. Why were the Boston police fired instead of negotiated with? 10. How many steel workers went on strike, and why? 11. Why was there racial tension in northern cities following WWI? 12. During the Red Scare, who/what were Americans afraid of? 13. What did the Palmer Raids do? 14. Who won the election of 1920? 15. What did the Election of 1920 spell the end of?

Aftermath of World War I Goal 6 and 8

Essential Idea The time after World War I was filled with economic, racial, and political tension.

The “ Big Four ” The group: The “Big Four” Who? Leaders of the Allies (United States, Britain, France, and Italy) Purpose: Create a peace treaty to end World War I

Wilson ’ s Fourteen Points The Plan: The Fourteen Points Who suggested it: Woodrow Wilson Causes of War: Militarism and Alliances Solution: Points 1-4 – disarmament (opposite of militarism), ending secret agreements, free trade

Points 5-13 Cause of War: Nationalism Solution: Points 5-13 – allow borders to be drawn according to ethnic and national identity

The 14 th Point Cause of War: Imperialism Solution: Point 14 – create a League of Nations, whose members respect each others territory and independence

Treaty of Versailles The Plan: Treaty of Versailles Who suggested it: The other Allies, especially France

It ’ s Germany ’ s Fault! Part of the Plan: War Guilt Clause Significance: Germany was officially blamed for the war and ordered to pay $33 billion in reparations

Ignoring Most of the Fourteen Points Part of the Plan: Redraw European Borders Significance: ignored Wilson’s idea that borders should be drawn according to nationalism MLS#:

The League of Nations Part of the Plan: Create a League of Nations Significance: This was the only part of Wilson’s Fourteen Points that the Treaty of Versailles adopted

U.S. Doesn ’ t Join Who: Members of Congress Led by: Henry Cabot Lodge What they did: Rejected the Treaty of Versailles and refused to join the League of Nations Fourteen Points

Who are founding members that stay until the end? Who are never members?

Who is the man? What does the bridge represent? What is the cartoonist saying about the United States?

Labor Problems Government Agency during the war: National War Labor Board (NWLB) What it had done: allowed unions to gain power during the war to make sure that war materials could be produced Problems after the war: businesses tried to get power back, leading to massive strikes

Boston Police Strike The event: Boston Police Strike What happens: 75% of Boston’s police went on strike How it was resolved: governor Calvin Coolidge fired the police and replaced them Coolidge said there is “no right to strike against public safety”

Soldiers Can ’ t Find Work What happens during the war: The Great Migration What it was: 300,000 to 500,000 blacks moved to Northern factories to get jobs left vacant by World War I soldiers Problems after the War: Soldiers came home and wanted their jobs

Chicago Race Riot The Event: Chicago Race Riot of 1919 What happened: Fighting erupted between blacks and white for two weeks How it was resolved: The National Guard was sent in the restore order 38 people died and over 500 were injured

The Red Scare Events in Russia: Russian Revolution – the “reds” (Bolsheviks), led by Lenin, overthrew the government and created a communist country, the Soviet Union Events in America: Riots and strikes across America created instability and disorder

The Red Scare Nationwide Panic: The Red Scare People were afraid that the disorder would lead to Communists overthrowing the United States What does the Statue of Liberty represent? Who is the man behind the statue? What is he holding? What is the message of the cartoonist?

The Red Scare April- the postal service intercepted over 30 packages containing bombs May- Socialist leader Eugene V. Debs is put in jail Communists and socialists held a violent riot in protest

The Red Scare June: Eight bombs go off at the same time in eight cities One damages the house of the Attorney General, A. Mitchell Palmer

A. Mitchell Palmer New Agency: Palmer establishes what eventually becomes the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation)

The Palmer Raids The Palmer Raids: federal agents began raiding meetings believed to be attempting rebellions The government detained thousands and deported about 600 Why controversial? The raids ignored the right to a search warrant and to a lawyer (unconstitutional?) The Palmer Raids

Election of 1920 Effect of the Red Scare on Americans: people were TIRED of the CHAOS The “Era” of the time: the Progressive Era, a time of big changes to society

In 1916, who was the Progressive candidate? In 1916, which area voted for Wilson? In 1920, which area has stopped voting for the Progressive candidate (Cox)? What does this mean for the Progressive Era?

Returning to Normalcy Election of 1920: Warren G. Harding campaigned for a “return to normalcy” (getting back to a simpler time before Progressivism and world wars) Effect: Harding won the election, and the Progressive Era ended