Presented by: Than Kennaroit Course Name: Introduction Int’l Relations Instructor: Prof. Dr. Kyu Young LEE

 Introduction  A Globalizing Economy  Global Trade  Global Finance  Continuity and change in economic globalization  Conclusion

Three contrasting ways of globalization of trade and finance:  Cross-border transactions  Open-border transaction  Transborder transaction

 Sceptics, who adopt the fist perspective think that, globalization is seen as equivalent to internationalization.  Governments can block cross-border flows if they wish, and national interest may well dictate that states more tighten restrictions on international trade, foreign exchange, and capital movements.

 For this perspective, globalization entails not an extension of internationalization, but the progressive removal of official restrictions on transfers of resources between countries.  Globalization is a function of liberalization  Tale 26.1 MeasureEarlier LevelRecent Level FDI$68(1960)$10,672(2005) Export$629(1960)$10,159(2005) Cross-border bond$1(1960)$1,157(1999) Cross-border loan$9(1972)$1,465(2000)

 In this conception, globalization refers to processes whereby social relations acquire relatively distanceless and borderless qualities.  The rise of supraterritoriality is reflected inter alia in increased transactions between countries.

Transborder Production Transborder products

Global trade has become an integral part of everyday life  Global goods (transworld brand name)  Supraterritorial Market (electronic commerce) such as credit card, TV, internet.etc. Transborder Product Global Trade  Transborder Production ≠ Territorial- centred Production  Intra-firm trade within transborder companies. Transborder Production

 Transplanetary Money  Transplanetary Banking  Transplanetary Securities  Transpanetary derivatives

 Bond and Stock  Investor portfolios  Electronic interlinkage Of trading  Bond and Stock  Investor portfolios  Electronic interlinkage Of trading Transplanetary Securities Global Finance  transborder deposits  bank lending  Branch networks  Interbank fund transfer  transborder deposits  bank lending  Branch networks  Interbank fund transfer Transplanetary Banking  Future and Option  Swaps, warrants  Other financial instrument  Future and Option  Swaps, warrants  Other financial instrument Transplanetary Derivatives Global Finance  Foreign exchange dealing  SDR  ATM, Smart Card  and credit cards  Foreign exchange dealing  SDR  ATM, Smart Card  and credit cards Transplanetary Money

 Irregular incidence  Persistence of territory  The survival of the state  The continuance of cultural diversity

 Globalization has not been experienced everywhere and by everyone to the same extent.  In contrast to currencies issued in the North, the national denominations of countries in Africa have had scarcely any mutual convertibility.

 Many types of money have remained restricted to a national or local domain  Nor has most global commercial activity been wholly divorced from territorial geography.

 State have encouraged the globalization of commerce inter alia through create special economic zone and offshore finance center.  State have provided much of the regulatory framework for global trade and finance, even though they have shared these competences with other regulatory agencies

 Global Trade and finance are moved by much more than national loyalties.  However, in other respects national identities and solidarities have survived-and sometime thrived-in the contemporary globalizing economy.  It has also persisted in transborder marketing

 The grow of global trade and finance has deeply shaped and been shaped by the general developments.  Economic globalization has affected different places and persons to different extents.