Chapter 11 The Family George Ritzer Presented by Rolande D. Dathis

Family The family is a group of people affiliated by blood, marriage, or adoption. According to sociologists the family is the universal social foundation that is fundamental to social life.

Some Basic Concepts MarriageLove Intimate Relationship Monogamy Polygamy Polygyny Polyandry Cenogamy Endogamy Exogamy Passionate Love Compassionate Love Intimacy Intimate Relationship

What is marriage Marriage is the socially recognized and consented and often legal union of two people, permitting them to reside together and to have children by birth or adoption.

Types of marriages Monogamy is a marriage between one man and one woman. Nonetheless, with the changing laws, monogamy might entail two women or two men. Polygamy is the practice of having multiple spouses. Polygyny is a marriage of a man to multiple women.

Types of marriage cont’d Polyandry is a marriage of one woman to multiple men. Cenogamy engages group marriage Endogamy is the custom of marrying only within the same ethnic group, religion, education level, social class end etc. Exogamy is the marriage between individuals of dissimilar social categories such as race, ethnicity, religion, education level and etc.

Intimate relationships Intimacy is “a close and personal relationship”(Ritzer 2015p.366). Intimate relationship

Types of love Passionate love is a type of love characterized by sudden onset, strong sexual sentiments, and veneration of the one who is loved. Companionate love is a type of love characterized by gradual onset and not necessarily connected to sexual passion, but based on additional rational evaluations of the one who is loved.

Broad Changes In Marriage And The Family Decline In Marriage Nuclear family Perspective On The Decline In Marriage Deinstitutionalization Of Marriage Deinstitutionalization Institutional Marriage Individualized Marriage Companionate Marriage Self-Disclosing And Pure Relationship (1)(2)

Traditional nuclear family

Composition of nuclear family The traditional nuclear family consists of a married couple with one or more children.

Factors in deinstitutionalization of marriage 1)Changing role of women in the family- women in the workforce. 2)Declining social norms that require marriage for childbearing. 3)Increased divorce rates from the 1960 to 1980 created a permanent impact on attitudes toward marriage. 4)Increased in cohabitation.

Factors in deinstitutionalization of marriage cont’d 5) More acceptance of same sex relationships.

Key terms  Institutional marriage is the predominant representation of marriage in the beginning of 20 th century; accentuates on the preservation of the institution of marriage itself.  Companionate marriage is a type of marriage highlighting a clear division of labor between a breadwinner and a homemaker and bonded through sentiment, friendship and sexuality. Mainly in the mid twentieth century.

Key terms Individualized marriage is a form of marriage in which the emphasis is on the satisfaction of the person involved.

Board Changes In Marriage And The Family Nonfamily Households “going Solo” Family Households Alternative forms Of Family Cohabitation Single-parent Families Nonresident Parents Stepfamily Blended Family Lesbian and Gay Families Theorizing the family Structural/Functional Theories Inter/actionist Theories Conflict/critical Theories (3) (4) (5) Extended Family

Theorizing the family Structural/ functional theory “The family is a structure with important functions for society as a whole. It functions efficiently because the “expressive” (female) and “instrumental” (male) roles are clearly defined” (Ritzer 2015p.384). Conflict/ critical theory “ The family is a rich arena for conflicts based on gender and age and the use and abuse of power’ (Ritzer 2015 p384). Inter/actionist theory” The family is a meaningful relationship to people enter because they think the rewards will outweigh the costs and be more rewarding than the alternatives” (Ritzer 2015 p.384).

Problems In The Family Family Conflict The Deficit Model The Overload Model Cultural Tensions Model The Conflict-of- Interest Model The Anomie Model Abuse and Violence Within the Family Child Abuse Domestic Violence Elder Abuse Poverty and the Family Family, Consumption And the Great Recession Gender Inequalities Divorce Global Flows that affect the Family Global Migration Global Trafficking Global Conflict

Models of family conflict 1.Deficit Model – lack of socialization among the family members contribute to family conflicts. 2.Overload model- the private sphere, counting the family, is overloaded with responsibilities that the public sphere has discarded. 3.Cultural tensions model- individuals’ incapacity to deal with both family responsibilities and the increasing importance on the self leads to family conflict.

Models of family conflict 4. Conflict of interest model- the tension stuck between increasing equality in the family and structural inequalities that perseveres in society cause injustices in family roles that lead to conflict. 5. Anomie model- “ Conflict stems from families’ being left to negotiate and organize their relationships on their own without help from extended families and social norms and value as in the past”(Ritzer 2015p 393).

Effects of Globalization on the Family 1.Global flows refers to the movement of the entire families from one country to another with no difficulty. 2.Human trafficking refers to the buying and selling of children for illegal adoption, women for prostitutions, and the illegal global traffic in human organs. 3.Global conflict- A reason of “marriage squeeze” leaves women without a satisfactory number of appropriate male partners.