Analyzing Primary and Secondary Sources

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 Content  Citation  Context  Connections  Communication  Conclusions

 Read text multiple times  “Bias Rule”  “Time and Place Rule”  Type of Source?  Author?  Who is the audience?  What do you learn from source?  Intended message?  Why was the source created?  Is source credible?  Contribution to our understanding of history?  Link to prior knowledge.

 Read the text closely several times (Content)  Understand the “Bias Rule” (Communication)  Understand the “Time and Place Rule” (Context, Citation, Connections)  Identify type of source (Content)

 Identify who the author is (Citation)  Identify the audience the source was intended for (Communication)  Find the source’s intended message (Content)  Determine why the source was created (Context)

 Ask if this is a credible source (Communication)  List the things you can determine about the historical period by analyzing this resource (Conclusions)  List limitations of the source, based on the bias and point of view. (Conclusions)  Link the source to other things that you already know or have learned. (Connection)

 Books  Format: Author's last name, first initial. (Publication date). Book title. City of publication: Publishing company.  Examples:  Allen, T. (1974). Vanishing wildlife of North America. Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society.  Searles, B., & Last, M. (1979). A reader's guide to science fiction. New York: Facts on File, Inc.

 Magazine & Newspaper Articles  Format: Author's last name, first initial. (Publication date). Article title. Periodical title, volume number(issue number if available), inclusive pages.  Examples:  Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135,  Kalette, D. (1986, July 21). California town counts town to big quake. USA Today, 9, p. A1.

 Website or Webpage  Format: Online periodical: Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number, Retrieved month day, year, from full URL  Online document: Author's name. (Date of publication). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from full URL  Examples:  Devitt, T. (2001, August 2). Lightning injures four at music festival. The Why? Files. Retrieved January 23, 2002, from

 Create 4-6 minute power point presentation  Choose Greece or Rome topic  Your job is to teach the class this subject  Create 2 test questions about subject  Must take notes during research  Notes will be turned in  At least two sources (1 primary, 1 secondary)  Write a simple bibliography for sources

 Ancient Greece  Herodotus  Diodorus of Sicily  Thucydides  Quintus Curtius Rufus  Ancient Rome  Livy  Suetonius  Tacitus  Plutarch