Ahmadu Bello Computer Repair Training Course 1: Introduction To Computer And Computer Engineering By Suprix Technology Nigeria ( A.B.U repair computer training (

WHAT TO EXPECT! A.B.U repair computer training (

Introduction to Computer A computer is an electronic machine, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept data, manipulate the data according to specified rules, produce results, and store the results for future use. Computers process data to create information. A.B.U repair computer training (

Types Of Computers The four basic types of computers are supercomputers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. A.B.U repair computer training (

Types Of Computers … Supercomputers – fastest, most expensive, large and powerful computers for specialized tasks such as mathematical calculations, weather tracking, satellite monitoring, etc A.B.U repair computer training (

Types Of Computers … Mainframe – large computers that multitask and often found in business and colleges A.B.U repair computer training (

Types Of Computers … Minicomputers – may be used in medium- sized businesses with smaller data storage requirements A.B.U repair computer training (

Types Of Computers … Microcomputers – the smallest category of computers that range in size from servers to handheld devices Some of the most common types of microcomputers include desktops, laptop/notebook, personal digital assistants (PDAs). A.B.U repair computer training (

How a Computer Works A computer is a fabulous instrument that turns human inputs into electronic information that it then can store or share/distribute through various output devices. A computer performs (if instructed to do so) the steps shown in the diagram below, using information that a user provides (such as a typed sentence): A.B.U repair computer training (

How a Computer Works … A.B.U repair computer training (

Amazingly, the information that the user inputs into a computer is processed so that it becomes a simple code made up of only two digits: zero and one This is because it is based on electrical signals that have only two options (such as either on or off). A.B.U repair computer training (

PC Architecture A.B.U repair computer training (

Power Supply Fan Housing. The processor is underneath on the motherboard. RAM Drives Cards Figure 1 - Inside a Desktop Computer Case A.B.U repair computer training (

Computer Development - The PC’s childhood Modern PC, which originated in In less than 20 years, the PC went through a technological development More than 90% of all microcomputers are based on Microsoft’s software (Windows) and standardized hardware designed primarily by Intel. This platform or design is sometimes called Wintel, a combination of the two product names. A.B.U repair computer training (

Computer Development - The PC’s childhood But at that time the company, Digital, sold many of their “Rainbow” machines in the middle of the 1980’s. These other machines were not IBM-compatible, but they weren’t very different from IBM’s machines either, since they were all based on Intel’s 8088 CPU. A.B.U repair computer training (

Computer Development - The PC’s childhood DEC Rainbow from A.B.U repair computer training (

Computer Development - The PC’s childhood But over just a few years, late in the 1980’s, the market got behind IBM’s standards for PC the PC revolution got seriously underway. From that time on, we talked bout IBM-compatible PCs, and as the years passed, the PC developed to become the triumphant industry standard. A.B.U repair computer training (

Computer Development - The PC’s childhood In parallel with the IBM/Intel project, Apple developed the popular Macintosh computers, which from the very start were very user- friendly, with a graphical user interface. The Macintosh is a completely different platform from the platform of Windows-based pc’s The Macintosh has also been released in generation after generation, but it is not compatible with IBM/Intel/Microsoft’s PC standard. A.B.U repair computer training (

Elements of a computer system People - the most important part and beneficiary of a computer system, generally categorized as either end-users or developers Procedures - are descriptions of how things are done, i.e. manuals, documentations, … Data/Information - raw facts (data) and processed data (information) that are used to produce the desired result A.B.U repair computer training (

Elements of a computer system Hardware - the physical element of a computer system categorized according to the basic operations performed: input, processing, output, storage and communications. Software - provides the step-by-step instructions that tell the computer what to do. Generally software is divided into system software and application software. Communications - refers to the electronic transfer of data from one place to another A.B.U repair computer training (

Computer Engineering Tools For every job there is the right tool. Make sure that you are familiar with the correct use of each tool and that the right tool is used for that particular task. Skilled use of tools and software makes the job less difficult and ensures that tasks are performed properly and safely. A.B.U repair computer training (

HARDWARE TOOLS Hardware tools are grouped into four categories: ESD tools Hand tools Cleaning tools Diagnostic tools A.B.U repair computer training (

ESD tools: antistatic wrist strap and the antistatic mat. A.B.U repair computer training (

HAND TOOLS: Torx Screwdriver – used to tighten or loosen screws that have a star- like depression on the top. Hex Driver – sometimes called a nut driver, is also used to tighten nut, in the same way a screwdriver tightens screws. Needle-nose Pliers – used to hold small parts. Wire cutters – used to strip and cut wires. A.B.U repair computer training (

Part Retriever – used to retrieve parts from locations that are too small for your hand to fit. Tweezers – used to manipulate small parts. Flashlight – used to light up areas that you cannot see well. A.B.U repair computer training (

HAND TOOLS A.B.U repair computer training (

CLEANING TOOLS: Soft cloth – used to clean different computer components without scratching or leaving debris. Compressed Air (or Portable blower)– used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts without touching the components. Part organisers – used to hold screws, jumpers and other small parts, and prevent them from A.B.U repair computer training (

DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS: Digital multimeter is used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in computer components. Loopback adapter is used to test the basic functionality of computer ports. A.B.U repair computer training (

SOFTWARE TOOLS A technician must be able to use a range of software tools to help diagnose problems, maintain hardware, and protect the data stored on a computer. DISK MANAGEMENT TOOLS One must be able to identify which software to use in different situations. A.B.U repair computer training (

Disk management tools help detect and correct disk errors, prepare a disk for data storage, and remove unwanted files. Disk management tools are;  Fdisk or Disk Management – Creates and deletes partitions on a hard drive.  Format – Prepares a hard drive to store information. A.B.U repair computer training (

 Scandisk or Chkdsk – Checks the integrity of files and folders on a hard drive by scanning the file system. These tools may also check the disk surface for physical errors.  Defrag – Optimizes space on a hard drive to allow faster access to programs and data.  Disk Cleanup – Clears space on a hard drive by searching for files that can be safely deleted. A.B.U repair computer training (

 Disk Management – Initializes disks, creates partitions, and formats partitions.  System File Checker (SFC) – Scans the operating system critical files and replaces any files that are corrupted. Use the Operating System (e.g Win XP) boot disk for troubleshooting and repairing corrupted files. The Operating System (OS) boot disk is designed to repair Windows system files, restore damaged or lost files and re-install the operating system. A.B.U repair computer training (

Windows XP Security Center – Checks the status of essential security settings. The Security Center continuously checks to make sure that the software firewall and antivirus programs are running. It also ensures that automatic updates are set to download and install automatically. Antivirus program – Protects against virus attacks. A.B.U repair computer training (

Spyware remover – Protects against software that sends information about web surfing habits to an attacker. Spyware can be installed without the knowledge or consent of the user. Firewall program – Runs continuously to protect against unauthorized communications to and from your computer. A.B.U repair computer training (