For example: 1.Enter the classroom silently and find your seat. 2.Write down homework in your planner. 3.Do Now 4.Wait silently for instructions 15 min DO NOW: EPA Practice Time (Obj ) Analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels in an ecosystem. Statement of Inquiry:

2 Types of Fatty Acids Single Bonds in Carbon chain Double bond in carbon chain

Nucleic acid

EVOLUTION – change over time EVIDENCE Fossil evidence Fossils found in sedimentary rock Lower level fossils are older and more PRIMITIVE We can compare fossils to modern organisms Similar structure suggests common ancestor Biochemical evidence DNA and protein similarities suggest common ancestor Natural Selection Credited to Charles Darwin Organisms in populations have variations that can be passed from generation to generation More organisms born that environment can support Organisms compete for resources Those organisms with favorable variations have more babies and the population evolves

Mutations Change in DNA code May cause a change in protein produced NOT always harmful Sickle Cell Mutation

mutation

Selections

Mitosis and Meiosis mitosis One division 2n  2n (same number of chromosomes) Results in 2 genetically identical cells Meiosis Two divisions 2n  n Half the number of chromosomes Results in 4 DIFFERENT haploid cells Forms gametes (egg and sperm)

DNA DNA is a polymer of nucleotides. A nucleotide is made up of three parts: a sugar, a phosphate and one of four bases Nitrogen base sequence give different traits In DNA, the bases are A, T, C, and G DNA’s shape is a double helix The two strands are held together by HYDROGEN bonds A binds to T C binds with G

CELL MEMBRANE The plasma membrane surrounds EVERY cell. It is made of phospholipid bilayer and protein It controls what goes in and out of a cell by diffusion and osmosis. Maintains HOMEOSTASIS

13 Organelles Found in Cells Examples of Organelles include: Endoplasmic reticulum (rough & smooth) – canals for movement Golgi Bodies – wrap & export proteins Nucleolus – makes ribosomes Mitochondria – makes ATP Chloroplast - makes glucose Ribosomes – makes proteins

Trophic Levels Each link in a food chain is known as a trophic level. Trophic levels represent a feeding step in the transfer of energy and matter in an ecosystem.

Trophic Levels Biomass- the amount of organic matter comprising a group of organisms in a habitat. As you move up a food chain, both available energy and biomass decrease. Energy is transferred upwards but is diminished with each transfer.

Trophic Levels Producers- Autotrophs Primary consumers- Herbivores Secondary consumers- small carnivores Tertiary consumers- top carnivores ENERGYENERGY

Trophic Levels Food chain- simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem

Trophic Levels Food web- shows all possible feeding relationships in a community at each trophic level Represents a network of interconnected food chains

Food chainFood web (just 1 path of energy) (all possible energy paths)

Phylogenetic tree

Symbiotic Relationships Symbiosis- two species living together 3 Types of symbiosis: 1. Commensalism 2. Parasitism 3. Mutualism

Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism- one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped Ex. orchids on a tree Epiphytes: A plant, such as a tropical orchid or a bromeliad, that grows on another plant upon which it depends for mechanical support but not for nutrients. Also called xerophyte, air plant.

Symbiotic Relationships Commensalism- one species benefits and the other is neither harmed nor helped Ex. polar bears and cyanobacteria

Symbiotic Relationships Mutualism- beneficial to both species Ex. cleaning birds and cleaner shrimp

Symbiotic Relationships Parasitism- one species benefits (parasite) and the other is harmed (host) Parasite-Host relationship

Dihybrid cross

Complete the exit ticket silently and stack at your table group when you are finished. You may pack up your things. Exit Ticket 5 min

Exit Procedure SILENTLY 1.Pack up all of your things. 2.Wait for teach directions to: 1.Push in your chair. 2.Form a line at the door. 3.Silently exit the classroom. 3.Hallways are a Level 1 (whisper)

STOP Cards SSummarize: Summarize the day’s lesson and what we learned. TTrait: What IB trait relates to the lesson? OObjective: Re-state in your own words and say whether or not we met that objective for the day. PPurpose: What was the purpose of this lesson?