What about? 1. Looking for work 2. Finding a job 3. Contract bargaining 2

I. Looking for work 3

1. Where can I find jobs? headhunters social network-sites (e.g. linkedin.com) specialised sites (e.g. euraxess) Company sites Spontanious jobappllications Jobsites 4

      (Flanders)  (public sector)  (Brussels) 5

2. Recruitment procedure Step 1: Make yourself invited  Advice/ Advice/ What you must remember when sending an application via Tips for online applications Check list for applications via Job applications: how should I start?  Be aware of what you put online  Use the language of the company 6

Step 2: the interview  Looks matter: Good: neutral, dull look; glasses make (look) smarter Bad: gothic, flashy, mickey mouse -tie, stiletto’s, casual- or dancingclothes  If you fake it, you won't make it Be prepared (know yourself; know something about the recruiting company) Be polite, professional, motivated and selfconfident (selling but no overselling) Body talk! Privacyrelated question with no relevance for the job: refuse to answer or lie if it seems better  First and last 3 minutes are decisive 7

Step 3: tests  Medical tests (incl. drug- and alcoholtests): only allowed for jobs with health-or safetyrisks Executable by a company-doctor Employer is only entitled to know whether the applicant is medically suited for the job or not (no details about health situation)  DNA- and aidstests: forbidden by law 8

II. Finding a job 9

1. Easy to find a job? Unemployment rates, december 2010 (% of actif population) MenWomen Brussels Wallonia Flanders OECD (OESO)8.4 USA9 Unemployment amongst highly educated people (% of actif population) menwomenaverage Brussels Wallonia Flanders

Where do PhD’s end up? Privat sectorAcademiaPublic sector Positive sciences35,1% 34,7%12,2% Applied sciences35,3%33,2%9,8% Biomedical sciences 14,6%40,2%15,9% Social sciences15,4%51,9% 12,5% Human sciences 5,0%62,2% 14,4% 2. Where are the jobopportunities? 11

3. Contract bargaining 12

Contract clauses  Legal statute  salary  Non-competion  Schooling clause  Intellectual property  Labour time  Annual leave  Notice period  … 13

Legal statute  Public sector Public officers: well protected, acceptable salary, nice pension Contractors: lower protection level  Private sector Freelance: freedom of contracting, larger net income, poor social security Employee: protection of labour law, standard social protection, gap net vs. gross salary, small pension (but probably additional companypension)  Academia 14

Salary  Salary level PhD: starterssalary for basic degree % en/ (public sector) en/  Gross vs net salary:  Importance of extralegal remuneration (company car, additional pension, medical insurance, bonus,…) 15

Non-competition-clause  Clause limits possibilities to compete with former employer  Competing with the actual employer is reason for dismissal, also when there’s no NC-clause  Clause only valid when yearly salary is above € 16

Annual leave/holidays  10 holidays  Annual leave Public sector: 4 weeks payed leave Private sector: ○ 4 weeks payed leave if you worked the year before in the private sector ○ Additional free days: overtime compensation, seniority-days, local holidays,… 17

Others  Specific regulating about validity of scholing clauses  Language: labour contract always in Dutch (Flanders), but translated version can be asked  Labour time: also researchers are entitled at labour time limitation (prevent burn out!)  Intellectual property-rights: liberal approach of contracting about IP-rights  Trial period: 6 months is normal (notice period = 7 days)  Duration of the contract: fixed term, permanent, project, … 18

Need for more information?  Euraxess: Euraxess: free service network for researchers (visas, work permit, job opportunities, language courses, taxes, social security,…) actif in 37 European countries l/index l/index Euraxess service centre Leuven:  About labour rights: Contact your trade union 19