Pre-reading Newton (The Theory of Gravity)

Einstein (Theory of Relativity)

Edison (the electric Lamp)

Darwin (evolutionism)

Louis Pasteur 巴斯德 (germs)

Mendeleev (Periodic Table of elements)

American statesman, inventor, writer, and scientist. ( )

Who is he? What did he do? Benjamin Franklin was an inventor, writer, scientist, and a great man on American history. American $ 100 bill

About Benjamin Franklin: He was born in Boston and was the tenth child and youngest son of the family. He had only less than three years of formal education. He once was a candle-maker in his father’s shop.

About Benjamin Franklin: He was curious and loved to learn about new things. He invented lightning rod.( 避雷针 ) He also helped to found a new nation.

About Benjamin Franklin: He helped to write the Declaration of Independence. He was a successful businessman, an inventor, a writer, a scientist and a world-famous statesman.

Well done is better than well said. Eat to live, not live to eat Benjamin Franklin

Look at the textbook and listen to the tape carefully, then try to complete the following chart. Task 1

Result Time Purpose Experiment’s name Kite Experiment To show that lightning and electricity are the same In June 1752 The string was getting charged, “I” collect and store a great deal of electricity in the condenser. Look at the textbook and listen to the tape carefully, then try to complete the following chart.

Incorrect correct Incorrect correct Skimming: Read the passage fast to find out the right picture about Franklin’s experiment.

1. Before 1752 scientists already knew what electricity is. 2. Franklin was helped by a friend to do the experiment. 3. Franklin made the kite of silk because wet silk does not conduct electricity. 4. A condenser was used in the experiment to store electricity. 5. The key tied to the string was put into the door to stop the kite flying away. F F F T F

Give the Introduction of the passage. Introduction Para 1 Para 2 Why Para 3 How Para 4 How Para 5 What Para 6 How to make a special kite for the experiment? should be done to get ready for the experiment? to do the experiment with a kite, a key and a condenser? did Franklin succeed in doing the experiment? did Franklin do the experiment The main ideas of the paragraphs Process of the experiment The tips of doing the experiment

Task 4: Draw a sketch( 草图 ) of the kite which was used in the experiment according to the instruction.

Make a kite 1.build the frame by making a small cross 2.tie the corners to the points of the cross 3.add a tail to the frame 4.tie a long string to the cross 5.fix a sharp piece of metal to the top of the longer stick 6.fasten a key to the end of the long string 7.tie a silk ribbon to the string above the key Metal: pull the electricity from the cloud Tail: keep the balance of the kite Key : conduct the electricity into the condenser Ribbon: made it safe to hold the string

Shed Franklin and his son stand inside a door or some cover, fly the kite when a thunderstorm appears to be coming on. When a thunderstorm comes over the kite, the sharp piece of medal will pull the electricity from the cloud. The kite and the string will become charged.

Condenser Key Ribbon They collect and store the electricity in the condenser.

Benjamin’s Great invention The original one Lightning rod

1.Scientists knew what electricity is for the first time________. A. in June 1752 B. before 1752 C. after 1752 D. in the 19 th century Task 5. Choose the best answers according to the text. 2. This passage is meant for ( 为 … 准备 )_____________. A. experts B. scientists C. common readers D. officials

3. Franklin made the kite of silk because ___________. A. wet silk does not conduct electricity B. silk kite flies high C. silk kite is cheaper D. silk kite will last longer in weather with rain and strong winds. 4. Which is not stated but can be inferred from this passage? A. Franklin did the experiment with the kite. B. Franklin’s experiment with electricity was dangerous. C. Franklin failed the experiment again D. The experiment was conducted in bad weather.

Discussion : How did Franklin use his creativity to overcome various problems for his experiment ? 1.We can’t go and look for lightning, so Franklin has to find a way to make lightning come to him : 2. A kite made of paper won’t last long in rainy weather, so he had to make a strong kite: 3. A silk kite doesn’ t attract lightning, so he had to add something : he attracted lightning by using a kite. he made his kite of silk. he fixed a long, sharp piece of metal to the top of the longer stick of the cross.

4. He had to collect and store the electricity so that he could later use it in other experiments : he brought a condenser. 5. He had to make sure that he himself would not be hit by lightning, so he had to find a low place where he could keep himself and his tools dry: he used a small shed in the fields.