CLASSIFICATION How We Group Organisms Page 22 – 26.

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Classifying Living Things

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Presentation transcript:

CLASSIFICATION How We Group Organisms Page 22 – 26.

CLASSIFICATION -methods of grouping things according to similarities or differences. Ex. by size, color, age, etc.

Classifying organisms is called taxonomy. - started by Aristotle in 350 BC. Many disagreements about the groupings: -if they live in the air? -if they live in the sea? -if they live on land? Where to put frogs? Geese?

Today’s system is called binomial nomenclature (two-name naming) Ex. Canis lupus - created by Carolus Linnaeus. Ex. Canis familiaris

Latin was used by scientists and scholars in the 1700’s. -used today to avoid the confusion of using many different languages. Ex. Spanish moss - not Spanish - not moss Tillandia usneoides

The Latin names are an organism’s genus species – it’s scientific name. Canis familiaris Genus groupingSpecies grouping Always capitalized Always lower case. Most precise group “smallest” group Can produce offspring Both groups are italicized

Other examples: Felis domesticus Acer rubrum ‘red maple’ Homo sapiens sapiens Bison bison

CLASSIFICATION CATEGORIES -there are seven different levels of scientific classifications. -it becomes more exact/specific as you “move down”. Let’s use us as an example. Homo sapiens

KingdomAnimal PhylumChordate Class Mammal OrderPrimates FamilyHominidae GenusHomo Speciessapiens King Phillip cried out for goodness sake

ASSIGNMENT: WORKSHEET: “Classification”.

Six Kingdom Classification 1)Kingdom Animal -are multicellular. -can move from place to place. -cannot make their own food.

2)Kingdom Plant -make their own food through photosynthesis. -can be multicellular (redwoods) or unicellular (plankton)

3)Kingdom Fungi - can not make their own food. - absorb food from dead material. Ex. mushrooms, mold, yeast.

4) Kingdom Protist -most are unicellular. - some have traits of both plants and animals.

Protist Examples 1) Euglena – can move but it has chloroplasts 2) Amoeba

5) Kingdom Eubacteria Ex. strep, e-coli -prokaryotic

6) Kingdom Archeabacteria - oldest kingdom – the first life on Earth. -also prokaryotic Ex. stromatolites

-are more primitive and can survive in harsh conditions.

These kingdoms were formed when Kingdom Monera was split into two.

ASSIGNMENT: WORKSHEET “CHAPTER REVIEW”