Pentti Pulkkinen Programme Manager Academy of Finland Research funding and administration in Finland

Contents Public research funding system in Finland Academy of Finland Organization and Mission Funding instruments Some statistics and assessments

Public research funding in Finland

R&D in Finland Employes some 80,000 people Population of Finland: 5,35 million (2009) R&D funding €6.9 billion Private sector accounts for 73% R&D input 3.9% of GDP Public R&D funding 1.02% of GDP 17 universities and 27 polytechnics More than 1,500 doctoral graduates a year

R&D expenditure in Finland 1991–2009, by sector Total €6.9 billion

R&D investment in selected OECD countries, and in China and Russia (% of GPD) Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators 2009 Statistics Finland, 2010

Government research expenditure 2010 Total €2.05 billion

Academy of Finland: Organization

Academy of Finland Duties: To foster scientific research and its utilisation To promote international scientific cooperation To serve as an expert organ in science policy questions To grant funding for scientific research, researcher training and the development of research capabilities To execute other science policy expert tasks laid down in the Government Decree or assigned to it by the Ministry of Education (Act on the Academy of Finland 2009) Four Research Councils, whose operations cover all scientific disciplines In 2010, the Academy will make funding decisions worth €314 million for high-level scientific research Each year, some 5,000 people benefit from Academy research funding

Application for Academy research funding Open competition Targeted at the best researchers and the most promising young researchers Funding decisions are based on a scientific peer review of the research plan and the applicant as well as on research and science policy strategies In 2009, the Academy received applications worth a total of €1.6 billion The Research Councils process some 4,500 applications a year The success rate of applications 10–15% In 2010, the Academy will make funding decisions worth a total of €314 million Fixed-term funding

The Academy's funding instruments Targeted funding to defined thematic area or problem General purpose Largest in volume National road map, 2009 Funding so far case by case CERN, ESO, ESRF etc. membership fees Often international funding collaboration (EU, priority countries)

A Centre of Excellence (CoE) A research unit already at the international cutting edge of research in its field One or more research teams working closely together within one university or like, or spread across several different organizations. A CoE may also have collaboration with private sector companies. Combines international top-level research and the promotion of high-level research careers Professionally led entity with a clear and challenging research vision Competitive in its efforts to apply for international research funding

Finnish Programme for Centres of Excellence 2006–2011 (23 units) Director: Prof. Rauno Julin, University of Jyväskylä

Finnish Programme for Centres of Excellence 2008–2013 (18 units)

Established in From 2008, the Academy of Finland is in charge of evaluation, selection, and monitoringof the doctoral programmes 112 doctoral programmes: 15% regional; 85% national 1,600 positions through the Academy and about 4,800 positions funded from other sources 50% of new Doctors graduate from doctoral programmes Part of the Academy's project funding is targeted at doctoral training Host universities are in charge of the required infrastructure, and supervisor and teacher resources Graduate School in Particle and Nuclear Physics, coordinated at University of Jyväskylä Doctoral programmes (former graduate schools)

Academy Professors Academy Professors (41) are top researchers who Contribute to the progress of research within their field of research Carry out their own research plan and lead their own research team Provide supervision to junior researchers and teaching in context with the research Are appointed for a maximum term of five years at a time Kari Enqvist, University of Helsinki, started his 5-year term 1 January 2010

Finland Distinguished Professor Programme (FiDiPro) Joint funding programme of the Academy and Tekes for recruiting top researchers to Finland Objective: to strengthen Finnish scientific and technological know-how to bring a more international element to the Finnish research system to generate added value for the national innovation system to support research-driven profiling of universities and research institutes Recruited in fields with scientific, technological and industrial significance Currently the Academy funds 28 and Tekes 17 visiting professors Prof. Jacek Dobaczewski, Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Warsaw; FiDiProfessor at University of Jyväskylä

Academy funding decisions 1995–2009

Academy research funding in 2009 Total €304.2 million

Funding decisions by Research Councils in 2009 TOP 5 Physics 26,9 M€ Electrical eng 14,0 M€ Computer sci 12,8 M€ Chemistry 11,7 M€ Mathematics 9,0 M€ Particle physics et al, ~3,5 M€

Assessments of Finnish research system The state and quality of scientific research in Finland 2009 A tri-annual survey by the research councils Successful Nordic infrastructure cooperation: Nordic Data Grid Facility The Nordic Data Grid project was launched in 2003 on the initiative of NOS-N, a collaborating body for four Nordic research councils. Finland’s contribution to the project was covered by the Academy of Finland until 2007; since then the project has been funded by the Ministry of Education. The Finnish partners in the Nordic Data Grid project are the Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP) and CSC – IT Center for Science. The project laid the foundation for a Nordic Grid centre which serves as the Nordic node in the European computing network. That network is intended primarily to process the data coming from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, but its computing resources can also be accessed via grid centres for use in other fields of research

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