Beginning WEDNESDAY you will be required to do the following: ◦ Tardy to class you must pay $1 to enter ◦ To leave the classroom for ANY reason must pay 50¢ per exit Write a paragraph on the following: ◦ How do these new policies make you feel? ◦ Why do you think I would implement these new policies? ◦ Do you think the policies are fair?
separated by 3,000 miles of ocean learned to manage their own affairs salutary (healthy) neglect – loose control by the British ◦ did not insist on strict enforcement of laws
changed Britain’s policy toward the American colonies adopted mercantilism ◦ a nation should sell more than it buys ◦ to be successful colonies need to be a cheap source of raw materials
Navigation Acts ◦ series of laws ( ) ◦ colonies can only trade certain goods with England
1754 Benjamin Franklin called for a federal union early appearance for common defense
War between American British colonies and France Long and costly war Won French territory in North America To prevent Native American conflict over land colonial settlers were forbidden to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains without British permission (Proclamation of 1763)
Video Clip ◦ Colonists Protest British Policies Colonists Protest British Policies
To pay for heavy war debts steep taxes and new restrictions Stamp Act (1765) ◦ colonists must attach expensive stamp to all newspapers and legal documents
Quartering Act (1765) ◦ colonists must provide barracks and supplies to British troops
Sons of Liberty ◦ formed throughout the colonies to oppose the restrictions of Britain Stamp Act Congress ◦ formed to write a declaration to Britain against new actions ◦ first time majority of colonies joined together to oppose British rule
Stamp Act repealed, or cancelled, by Parliament At the same time they pass the Declaratory Act ◦ Parliament has the right to tax and make decisions for the American colonies in all cases
Townshend Acts (1767) ◦ placed heavy taxes on imports like paper, glass, and tea ◦ Also legalized the use of the writs of assistance- general search warrants to enter any location and look for evidence of smuggling helped customs officers in arresting smugglers
The Boston Massacre (1770) The Boston Massacre (1770) ◦ 5 Bostonians are killed
Repealed the Townshend Acts Replaced with the Tea Act (1773) ◦ British East India Company had the right to ship tea to the colonies did not have to pay taxes usually paid on tea (in other words… made their tea cheaper)
“no taxation without representation” Boston Tea Party Boston Tea Party ◦ December 1773 ◦ Group of angry colonists dressed as Native Americans dumped 342 chests of British tea into the Boston Harbor
Coercive Acts (English) ◦ Intolerable Acts (colonists) ◦ restricting the colonists’ civil rights, including trial by jury
First Continental Congress ◦ September 1774 ◦ writes King George III demanding their rights be restored ◦ made plans to extend the boycott of British goods King George responded with force ◦ April 1775 ◦ two battles between British and colonial soldiers at Lexington and Concord, Massachusetts ◦ became known as the first battles of the Revolutionary War
Second Continental Congress ◦ May 1775 ◦ not every member favored independence ◦ many still loyal to Britain Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense ◦ January 1776 ◦ published pamphlet to inspire many colonists ◦ called for complete independence from Britain ◦ “common sense” to stop following the “royal brute”
Second Continental Congress ◦ 1776 ◦ more than half of the delegates agreed with Paine ◦ the colonies MUST break away from Britain ◦ the acting government of colonies ◦ appointed committee to write official document declaring independence
government not looking out for interests of colonists King George is a tyrant and other abuses list of rights of individuals power to govern comes from the consent of the governed ~ popular sovereignty The people have a right to change government if it disregards their rights independence by theory (on paper) must win war to be true