American Revolution- Constitution Unit2. A Difference of Opinions Salutary Neglect Expansionistic New Leadership Victory in War Little Sacrifice Ineffective.

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Presentation transcript:

American Revolution- Constitution Unit2

A Difference of Opinions Salutary Neglect Expansionistic New Leadership Victory in War Little Sacrifice Ineffective Administration Spoiled Out of Step Colonists’ View British View

Post-war Problems King George IIIBritish DebtSalutary Neglect Western Problems Pontiac’s Rebellion (1763)

Colonial Disunity in 1763 Backcountry v. East Paxton Boys (1764) Regulators (1771) Varying Economic Interests

British Attempts to Reassert Control Proclamation Act (1763) Sugar/Reve nue Act (1764) Currency Act (1764) Quartering Act (1765) Stamp Act (1765) Stamp Act Congress Sons of Liberty Circular Letters

Townshend Acts (1767) Non-Importation Agreements Boston Massacre (1770) Committees of Correspondence Gaspee Affair (1772) Tea Act (1773) Intolerable Acts (1774)

Proclamation Act (1763) Maintain Control Control Fur Trade Redirection Prevent Indian Problems

Sugar/Revenue Act (1764)

Currency Act 1764

Quartering Act (1765) What’s for dinner?

Stamp Act (1765) Non-Importation Agreements Sons of Liberty Circular Letters Stamp Act Congress

“To this I answer, with a total denial of the power of parliament to lay upon these colonies any "tax" whatever.” Townshend Acts (1767) John Dickinson- “Letters of a Pennsylvania Farmer” Writs of Assistance Non-importation Agreements

Boston Massacre (1770) Crispus Attucks John Adams Committees of Correspondence

Gaspee Affair (1772)

Tea Act (1773) Tea Act Boston Tea Party Coercive Acts

Intolerable/Coercive Acts (1774) Boston Port Act Massachusetts Gov’t Act Murder Act Quartering Act Quebec Act Continental Congress

Philosophy of the Revolution Ideology Supporting Revolution Religious Political Philosophy

Taking Sides Colonial Supporters Merchants Planters Laborers Back Country Folks Loyalists/Tories Office Holders Merchants Lawyers Anglican Ministers Native Americans Slaves

Lexington & Concord General Thomas Gage “Countryside in arms”

2 nd Continental Congress Actions o Indian Treaty o Commander in Chief o Attack Canada Bunker (Breed’s) Hill Olive Branch Petition

Movement Toward Independence Polarization Rejection of Olive Branch Petition Prohibitory Act Common Sense Hiring of Hessian Mercenaries

Declaration of Independence Analysis o Philosophical justification for independence o List of grievances o Declaration of independence

Opposing Strengths British Strengths 1.Well-trained existing army 2.Most powerful navy 3.Experienced leadership 4.Manufacturing and finance 5.Population Colonial Strengths 1.Fighting a defensive war 2.Moral rightness 3.Knowledge of the countryside 4.Geography - vastness of the area that needed to be controlled 5.Possibility of a foreign alliance

Northern Campaigns

Long Island William Howe George Washington

Jersey Campaign Battle of Trenton

Philadelphia Brandywine Creek Germantown Valley Forge ( ) Henry Clinton

Battle of Saratoga Horatio Gates Benedict Arnold John Burgoyne

Southern Campaigns

South Carolina Battles Charleston Camden King’s Mountain Cowpens

Guilford Courthouse (1781) Nathanael Greene

Yorktown (1781) Charles Cornwallis

Treaty of Paris (1783) Boundaries extended west to the Mississippi Recognition of American independence Recommended compensation to loyalists British evacuation of Northwest forts

Post Revolutionary America

Economic Changes Mercantilistic Umbrella Gone Cheap British Imports Pirates New Markets

Social Changes Egalitarianism Departure of Loyalists Loosening of Moral Standards Religion Abolition of Primogeniture Slavery o Abolition o Manumission “Republican Womanhood”

Diplomatic Problems Great Britain Northwest FortsBoundary DisputesDebts France Revolution Spain Florida BorderRight of Deposit

Articles of Confederation Cons No Power to Tax No Power to Regulate Trade No Power to Enforce Laws 2/3 Majority for Legislation Unanimous Decision to Amend Pros Favorable Peace Treaty Land Ordinance (1785) Northwest Ordinance (1787)

Serious Problems Shays’ Rebellion Annapolis Convention (1786) Alexander Hamilton James Madison

Constitutional Convention (1787) Miracle at Philadelphia Delegates Dominant Leaders Secretive

Compromises Connecticut Compromise 3/5 th Compromise Slave Trade Commercial Compromise

Components of the Constitution Division of Power Separation of Power Flexibility o Strict Constructionism o Loose Constructionism

Ratification Process Federalists o James Madison o Alexander Hamilton o John Jay Anti-Federalists

Politics of Ratification Four Key States