Information Technology Chapter 5

What is Information Technology? Information technology is specifically associated with computer-based communication system. Create, manage, store, send, and receive information in the form of images, text, speech, sounds, numbers, or other data.

Parts of a Computer Power supply Input units Circuit boards A circuit is a path over which electric current or pulses flow. A motherboard is the primary circuit board to which all internal components are connected either directly or indirectly.

Parts of a Computer The CPU and other Integrated Circuits The central processing unit (CPU) is a specialized processor that resides directly on the motherboard of a computer. The “brain” of the computer. 3 parts of a CPU: Control Unit Arithmetic/logic unit Memory unit An integrated circuit (IC) is a tiny piece of silicon that contains thousands of interconnected electrical circuits that work together. Also called a microchip. Transistors

Parts of a Computer Memory and Storage units The hard disk stores the computer programs that you use for doing word processing, playing games, and many other tasks. ROM RAM BIOS Removable Storage Devices Output units

The Language of Computers Programming languages (C++, JAVA, Visual Basic, etc) A programming language converts data into a form that the computer can understand. Machine language – BINARY CODE (a system of 1’s and 0’s that allows information to be sorted, retrieved, sent, or altered) Each pulse is a bit 8 bits = 1 byte Digital signals (information processed by computer based on paths of electricity determined by binary code)

Managing and Using Information Altering information manipulation Biometrics Physical/behavioral information Artificial Intelligence Computers solve problems/make decisions Multimedia Applications Use of more than one medium to communicate The Universal Product Code Bar code on products for tracking/pricing

What is the Internet? Noncommercial computer network World Wide Web HTML URL

Accessing the Internet Cable modem Digital subscriber line (DSL) Web Browser

Using the Internet Chat rooms Blogs Research Shopping Google Earth Etc

The Future of the Internet High-speed data transfer technologies

Quick Review Q – What part of the computer is referred to as the brain? A – the CPU Q – The motherboard is referred to as the backbone of the computer, Why? A – It is the primary circuit board to which all internal components are connected either directly or indirectly

Quick Review Q – A secure room that requires a retinal scan to gain access uses what type of information technology? A – Biometrics Q – Virtual reality is considered what type of information technology? A – Multimedia Applications

Quick Review Q – The striped bar code on a product is known as? A – UPC (Universal Product Code) Q – What is artificial intelligence? A – Computers that use programs to solve problems and make decisions that are commonly taken care of by humans

Quick Review Q - Name an example of an INPUT unit for a computer: A – keyboard, mouse scanner, touch screen, sensor, joystick, digital camera Name an example of an OUTPUT unit for a computer: A – monitor, printer, CNC machine, plotter, speakers