Simple Past & Past Continuous Ch. 2

Simple Past Describes an action or state that started AND finished at a definite time in the past. The action may have lasted for a long or short period of time, have occurred recently or long ago, or happened once or repeatedly so long as it is OVER AND DONE WITH when you are talking about it.

Simple Past Base form of verb + -ed I worked on this lesson plan last night. You completed your homework over the weekend. She walked to school yesterday. They traveled to San Antonio over Labor Day Weekend.

Simple Past Every day I walk. Yesterday I _____________. Every day I work. Yesterday I ______________.

Simple Past Every night Paula watches TV. Last night she ______________ TV. Every day we ask questions. Yesterday we ______________ questions.

Simple Present vs. Simple Past Rain It often __________ in the morning. It ____________ yesterday. Ask Sue often __________ questions. She _____________ a question yesterday.

Pronunciation Determined by the sound at the end of the base form of the verb Voiceless: sounds like /t/ looked clapped missed watched Voiced: sounds like /d/ smelled saved played /t/ and /d/: sounds like /ed/ decided needed

Pronunciation Handout p. 27, Exercise 21 and 22

Irregular Verbs Sometimes when we conjugate a verb to make it past tense, we don’t add the –ed ending. These are called IRREGULAR verbs, and there are a lot of them in the English language. Don’t ask me WHY we have irregular verbs, it seems quite stupid to me, but we still have to learn them!

Irregular Verbs Come - Came Do - Did Eat - Ate Get - Got Go - Went Have - Had Put - Put See - Saw Sit - Sat Sleep - Slept Stand - Stood Write - Wrote Read - Read (pronounced “red”)

Irregular Verbs Page A-5 and A-6 in your book

Irregular Verbs Do We ______ exercises in class every day. We ______ exercises in class yesterday. Eat I _____ lunch at noon every day. I _____ lunch at noon yesterday.

Irregular Verbs Read I _________ before bed each night. Yesterday, I _________ before going to bed. Get I ________ up early every morning. I _________ up early yesterday.

Irregular Verbs See I ______ a movie once a month. I ______ a movie last month. Sleep I ________ well at night. Last night I _________ well. Complete Handout p. 21, Practice 15 Complete Handout p. 229, Exercise 21

When you finish the quiz: Complete the handout Read p. 35-36 Read p. 41-42

Simple Past – Negative Statements Subject + Did + Not + Verb Note #1: No –ed ending on the verb!!!!! Note #2: If verb is irregular, use PRESENT tense form. I did not complete my homework last night. I did not sleep well last night. I did not work yesterday because of the holiday.

Simple Past – Negative Statements I don’t’ go to the park every day. I went to the park last week, but I _________ there yesterday. We don’t have rain every day. We had rain two days ago, but we _____________ rain yesterday.

Simple Past – Negative Statements Linda doesn’t sit in the front row every day. She sat there yesterday, but she _____________ there two days ago. Mrs. Romano and her son don’t talk on the phone every day. They talked to each other last weekend, but they ___________ on the phone last night.

Simple Past – Yes/No Questions Did + Subject + Verb? Note: No –ed ending on verb Note: If verb is irregular, use PRESENT (base) form. Did you sleep (last night)? Did they travel (over the weekend)? Did you work (yesterday)?

Simple Past – Short Answers Affirmative: Yes + he/she/I/they/we + did Negative: No + he/she/I/they/we + did + not

Simple Past – Yes/No Questions I went to the store yesterday. She slept last night. We walked the dogs this morning. He called his mom last week. I flew home for mom’s birthday. They ate out last weekend.

Simple Past – Informative Questions Question Word + Did + Subject + Verb Note: No –ed ending on verb Note: If verb is irregular, use PRESENT (base) form. When did you take that test? Where did he attend school? Why did they fail the class?

Simple Past – Informative Questions I went to college at Avila University. She is from Alabama. He missed class because he felt sick. They went to San Antonio to see Sea World. Complete Verb Review, Handout p. 229

Past Continuous Use Past Continuous to: Express an activity in progress at an exact moment in the past. The activity began before a specific point in time and MAY or MAY NOT have continued after that time. He was getting ready for bed at 11:40 p.m. He still wasn’t ready 10 minutes later.

Past Continuous Use Past Continuous to: Express an activity in progress over an extended period of time in the past. The activity may have been ongoing or may have stopped and started repeatedly. They were working on the project for two years.

Past Continuous Use Past Continuous to: Describe background activities happening at the same time as the main event in a story. The main event is in simple past. It was raining hard outside. I was sleeping and my roommate was taking a shower. At exactly 7 am, there was a huge clap of thunder. I jumped up as the house shook violently.

Simple Past vs. Past Continuous Simple Past = emphasizes the COMPLETION of an event. The event happened and is over and done with. Past Continuous = emphasizes an activity or process that started in the past. The activity may or may not have been completed. Ask yourself: “Am I talking about a completed event or one that is in progress?”

Completed or May Continue? C1 – Listening for Meaning & Use – p. 37

Past Continuous was / were + verb + -ing I was working on this lesson plan last night. My dog was sleeping while I was working. You were sleeping when the phone rang. They were driving to San Antonio this weekend. Note: 2nd and 3rd person plural = were

Past Continuous Sitting I ____________ in class when my phone rang. Talking You __________ on the phone during the movie.

Past Continuous Sleep He ___________ during class. Walk I ___________ my dogs when it started raining.

Past Continuous Run They ______________ in the marathon last weekend. Learn She ____________ to speak English in her class last summer. Write 5 sentences describing the activity in the picture on Textbook p. 37. Use the past continuous in your sentences.

Past Continuous – Yes/No Questions Was/Were + Subject + Verb + -ing ending Were you going to work after class? Was he walking to work when it started raining? Were they talking on the phone when you interrupted?

Past Continuous – Short Answers Affirmative: Yes + I/he/she/they/we + was/were Negative: No + I/he/she/they/we + was/were + not

Past Continuous – Short Questions Change the following statements into yes/no questions I was shopping last night. He was yelling at his neighbor. They were fighting over the remote control. The dogs were sleeping on the couch while I typed this lesson plan. We were partying late last night.

Past Continuous – Informative Questions ? Word + Was/Were + Subject + Verb + -ing When were you working at the bank? Why was he feeling sick? Where were they flying to?

Past Continuous – Informative ?s Change the following statements into informative questions. I was going to work in the morning. She was taking the class to learn English. He was going to the DPS to get his driver’s license. They were traveling to San Antonio for the holiday weekend.

Practice B1 – Listening for Form – p. 32 C3 –Contrasting In-Progress & Completed Past Situations – p. 38

Time Clauses Time clauses often appear with past tense verbs. Time clauses begin with time words like: - While (while I was sleeping) - When (when she was two) - Before (before breakfast) - After (after school)

Independent vs. Dependent Clauses An INDEPENDENT clause is a Subject + Verb that is a COMPLETE THOUGHT. I was sleeping. He slept. A DEPENDENT clause either lacks a Subject or Verb or is NOT a complete thought. While working (no subject) Before I slept (not a complete thought)

Time Clauses A time clause is ALWAYS a DEPENDENT clause. It HAS to be attached to an independent clause. It can come BEFORE or AFTER the independent clause. While I was working, the dogs were sleeping. The dogs were sleeping while I was working.

Time Clauses If the time clause comes BEFORE the independent clause, you put a comma (,) between the two clauses. It the time clause comes AFTER the independent clause you DO NOT put a comma between the two clauses.

Practice B3 – p. 33 B4 – p. 34

Uses for Time Clauses Sequential Events Cause & Effect Relationships Interrupted Events An event that happened during another event Two or more events that happened at the same time.

Sequential Events Sequential = fancy vocabulary word for putting events in the order they happened. Time clauses can show the ORDER past events happened in. Common Words Used in These Clauses: Before, After, When I wrote the lesson plan before I went to bed. The dogs went to bed after they ate dinner. I stopped typing when the news came on.

Practice D3 – Relating Events with Before & After p. 44 Part A Only

Cause & Effect Relationships Time clauses can indicate a cause & effect relationship. “B” happened BECAUSE “A” happened” When the power went out, the room got completely dark When the overhead wouldn’t work, I set up the portable one. After the dogs ate, they got sleepy.

Practice D4 - Understanding Cause & Effect p. 45

Interrupted Events Time clauses can show that a simple past event interrupted a past continuous event. I was working on this lesson plan when my mom called. He was sleeping before I called on him in class. She was failing before she asked for help.

Practice D5 – Talking About Interrupted Activities p. 46

An Event that Happened During Another Event Time clauses can indicate that a past simple event happened during a past continuous event. Clause starts with While or When While I was working, I saved my files. When he was sleeping, he dreamed.

Simultaneous Events Time clauses can indicate two activities happened at the same time (past continuous + past continuous). Clause can start with While or When The dogs were sleeping while I was working. The students were taking notes while I was talking. I was watching TV while I was typing this lesson plan.

Practice Handout, p. 11 #5 Handout, p. 12, #6 Handout, p. 22 Practice 17 Handout, p. 23 Practice 18 and 19