High and Low Tides Tides occur because of the pull of the moon on earth. The gravity of the moon pulls on the ocean, causing it to rise slightly The “bulge” is called high tide The lower water is called “low tide

Tides continued 2 High tides occur per day. Tides change approximately every 6 hours

Moon, Sun, and Gravity Not only does the moon exert a force on the Earth but the sun does as well Just like there are 4 tides a day there are 4 special tides every 29 days (every time the moon goes around the earth)

Spring and Neap Tide When the sun and moon are on the same or opposite sides, the tide is especially high. This is called Spring Tide When the sun and moon are on perpendicular sides, high tide is a little lower than normal and low tide is a bit higher than normal so the difference is the lowest of the month.

The moons orbit With the Earth at one of the foci, the perigee is the “short” radius and the apogee is the “long” radius

Parts of a lunar eclipse The umbra is the full shadow created by the earth in which a view of the sun from earth is impossible. The penumbra is a secondary shadow cast by

The Moon: other facts The moon has no atmosphere. No air exists and therefore no air resistance. A feather and a rock will fall at the exact same rate The lack of atmosphere makes the moon very warm when the sun hits during its day (253 degrees F) it and very cold when the sun is not there (-387 degrees F). ( AAZmjJH ) No atmosphere means no protection from cosmic radiation or meteors.

Important moons of Jupiter Io is the most volcanically active body in our solar system. The volcanic activity is the result of tidal heating (land tides) Ganymede is the Solar System’s largest moon. It has a surface made of ice and a thin oxygen atmosphere. Europa is much like Ganymede except it is smaller (roughly the same size as our moon) and its surface appears newer. It too appears to have oxygen in it’s atmosphere Both Ganymede and Europa may contain oceans underneath their icy surface that are capable of hosting life.

Important moons of Saturn Titan, Saturn’s largest moon is red and has a very thick atmosphere. It is the only other object in the solar system that currently has stable bodies of liquid on its surface (pools of methane and other hydrocarbons) Mimas is believed to have been the home of Darth Vader at some point in the past:

Important moons of Uranus and Neptune Miranda (Uranus) is a body in the solar system that appears to be made of jumbled pieces. Triton (Neptune) is the only moon in the solar system that has a retrograde (backward…clockwise) orbit. It is also believed to have geysers that erupt liquid nitrogen.