TWENTIETH-CENTURY CLASSICAL MUSIC Chapter 19. The Century of Innovation…  The Twentieth Century was a period of dramatic change, bringing forth many.

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Presentation transcript:

TWENTIETH-CENTURY CLASSICAL MUSIC Chapter 19

The Century of Innovation…  The Twentieth Century was a period of dramatic change, bringing forth many new inventions and experiences for people.  Motion pictures  Radio  Television  Computers  These innovations inspired the music of the century, both how it was written and what it was written for.

Impressionism and Expressionism  In the early 20 th century, composers drew inspiration from the visual artwork of the day.  Impressionism: A French style of atmospheric music Based on Impressionism artwork from artists like Claude Monet. They tried to blend tones and pitches in new ways to make different harmonic forms and textures.  Expressionism: A musical style that subjectively explored deep inner feelings, often nightmarish. Inspired by the horrors of WW1, composers aimed for shock values in their works with jarring sounds/ Dissonance: discord in music, suggesting a state of tension. (not a pleasing sound)

Impressionism in The Sunken Cathedral  The Sunken Cathedral by Claude Debussy   Compare to the painting by Monet.

Expressionism and it’s qualities  To create expressionism in music, composers break away from the musical norm.  The norm: Tonal: a system of pitches around a centered pitch (normal) Major or Minor  Expressionism: Atonal: without tonality or a pitch center (weird) Listen for the atonal music in Alban Berg’s Wozzeck Listen #3

It gets weirder…  Composers began to stray farther away from tonality with 12-tone music: a form of serial composition that was invented by composer Arnold Schoenberg.  Tone row: a series of notes comprising the 12 pitches of the chromatic scale. The notes can follow any order as long as all 12 tones are used before any one is repeated. Entire compositions would be comprised of the origional tone row and manipulations of it.

How to manipulate tone rows  Minuet from Suite for Piano 

Other weird music of the 20 th Century  Prepared Piano  Sonata V by John Cage   Making the most out of a band…  …And the Mountains Rising Nowhere… by Joseph Schwantner   Uhhh…?  4’33” by John Cage 