© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS WITH ATLAS.ti 7 WINDOWS 1 Ricardo B. Contreras, PhD Applied cultural anthropologist Director Training & Partnership Development Corvallis, OR USA training, sales and general inquiries: +1 (866) (toll-free US and Canada)

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com COURSE PROGRAM 1.Outline Conceptual introduction Hands-on work 2.Conceptual introduction What does ATLAS.ti do? How does ATLAS.ti do it? Qualitative research Qualitative data analysis Data-level work in ATLAS.ti The objects of an analysis project Analysis tools 3.Hands-on work Creating the project Setting up a project Data segmentation and coding Memo writing Analysis and outputs Conclusion 2

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com WHAT DOES ATLAS.TI DO? What does ATLAS.ti do? Software that facilitates the qualitative analysis of research data. Software that helps making the analysis process: Organized Transparent Integrated Grounded in the evidence Software that facilitates the triangulation of research data collected through multiple methods of data collection, such as: Semi-structured/unstructured interviews Focus groups Field notes/observations Archival research/literature reviews Photo-voice/photo elicitation methods Ethnographic videos 3

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com QUALITATIVE RESEARCH CHARACTERISTICS 4 Natural setting Researcher as key instrument of data collection Multiple methods Complex reasoning through deductive and inductive Focus on participants’ meanings Emergent design Reflexivity Holistic account Creswell 2013:45-47

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com QUALITATIVE DATA ANALYSIS: ANALYTIC STRATEGIES 5 ANALYTIC STRATEGIES Sketching ideas Taking notes Working with words Identifying codes Reducing codes to themes Counting frequency of codes Relating categories Relating categories to analytic framework in literature Creating a point of view Displaying the data Data analysis in qualitative research consists of preparing and organizing the data (i.e., text data as in transcripts, or image data as in photographs) for analysis, then reducing the data into themes through a process of coding and condensing the codes, and finally representing the data in figures, tables, or in discussion. Creswell 2013:180

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com DATA LEVEL WORK WITH ATLAS.ti: A CONVERSATION WITH THE DATA CodesNetworks Memos Comments Quotations Segmenting the data Writing CodingDiagramming 6

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com THE OBJECTS OF AN ANALYSIS PROJECT 7 Primary Documents QuotationsCodesMemosNetworksFamilies THE OBJECTS They exist in relation to each other Object must be integrated in the analysis project Avoid a compartamentalized approach

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com Primary Documents Sources of information Different formats: Text Graphic Audio Video Google Earth No size limitation 8 OBJECTS OF THE PROJECT: THE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com OBJECTS OF THE PROJECT: QUOTATIONS QUOTATIONS 9 Segment of the document Quotations can be of any size Quotations are independent objects: they may or may not be linked to codes Quotations can be hyperlinked within and across documents

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com OBJECTS OF THE PROJECT: CODES CODES 10 * Saldaña, J. 2009:3. Word or short phrase that symbolically assigns a summative, salient, essence- capturing, and/or evocative attribute for a portion of language-based or visual data (*). Codes are normally linked to quotations (but they do not have to be). Coding can be done manually or automatically. Codes can be grouped with each other and can be Represented semantically in network views.

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com OBJECTS OF THE PROJECT: MEMOS MEMOS 11 Analytic memos are somehow comparable to researcher journal entries or blogs-a place to “dump your brain” about the participants, phenomenon, or process under investigation by thinking and thus writing and thus thinking even more about them. (*). Spaces for integration. Spaces for reflection. Spaces for making sense. Memos can be linked to quotations, codes and other memos. * Saldaña 2009:32.

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com OBJECTS OF THE PROJECT: NETWORKS NETWORKS 12 Graphical representations of linkages Two types of networks: Unnamed linkages Named linkages (semantic) Visualization of how pieces are coming together Concepts maps, cognitive maps, folk taxonomies Introduction to ATLAS.ti 7 Windows| Ricardo Contreras

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com OBJECTS OF THE PROJECT: FAMILIES FAMILIES 13 Grouping of documents, codes and memos Grouping according to shared attributes and characteristics Families allow for interrogation across cases and conceptual domains

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com ANALYSIS TOOLS 14 Word Cruncher Code co- occurrence explorer Co-occurrence table Query ToolSuper codesCode-PD table ANALYSIS TOOLS Quantitative Word Cruncher Co-occurrence table Code-PD table Qualitative Code co-occurrence explorer Query Tool Super codes

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com ANALYSIS TOOLS: WORD CRUNCHER 15 WORD CRUNCHER Word frequency count Spreadsheet and cloud Words can be excluded from count Count can be done with selected set of words Count can be done with subset of documents

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com ANALYSIS TOOLS: THE CO-OCCURRENCE EXPLORER 16 THE CO-OCCURRENCE EXPLORER Qualitative exploration of code co-occurrences Co-occurrences: two codes code the same quotation or quotations that touch each other (e.g, one within the other or one overlapping the other) Co-occurrences are spatial associations between codes Co-occurrences tell about the context

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com ANALYSIS TOOLS: THE CO-OCCURRENCE TOOL 17 THE CO-OCCURRENCE TABLE The table shows number of times two codes co-occur with each other The table shows an indicator of the intensity of the co-occurrence between two codes (c-coefficient) From the table, it is possible examine the quotations in which two codes co-occur The table can be exported into Excel

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com ANALYSIS TOOLS: THE QUERY TOOL 18 THE QUERY TOOL It retrieves data in the form of quotations by codes or combination of codes, across documents or combination of documents Codes are combined with codes through Boolean, Semantic and Proximity operators Documents are combined with documents Through Boolean operators Output in Rich Text Format (RTF) Introduction to ATLAS.ti 7 Windows| Ricardo Contreras

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com ANALYSIS TOOLS: SUPER CODES 19 SUPER CODES Super codes store queries created using the Query Tool Super codes can be useful to test working hypotheses Super codes automatically change their behaviors during the course of theory building Introduction to ATLAS.ti 7 Windows| Ricardo Contreras

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com ANALYSIS TOOLS: CODE-PRIMARY DOCUMENT TABLE 20 CODE-PRIMARY DOCUMENT TABLE Code frequency counts Number of quotations by code or code family across documents or document families Number of words that make up the quotations linked to a code, or code Family, across documents or document Families Output in Excel Introduction to ATLAS.ti 7 Windows| Ricardo Contreras

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com TEAMWORK 21 TEAMWORK Unlimited number of coders Collaboration in server Collaboration across computers Unique user IDs for each coder Merging projects two by two Project resulting from merging contains work from all coders

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com EXPORTING THE PROJECT 22 EXPORTING THE PROJECT XML HTML SPSS EXCEL/CSV RTF GRAPHIC FILE FORMATS PDF

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com BACKING-UP THE PROJECT: THE COPY BUNDLE 23 BACKING-UP THE PROJECT: THE COPY BUNDLE Create a copy bundle at the end of each work session Copy bundle stores the project documents and all of the work done up to that moment Store copy bundle in external drive (Dropbox is okay) Project/Save Copy Bundle

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com LICENSES AND LEARNING Licencing Free trial: perpetual but small project Licences: single-user, multi-user, campus. Student licenses: 6 months and 2 years. Learning On-demand free group webinars Online introductory and advanced workshops Face-to-face workshops Video tutorials Manuals User forum 24 Introduction to ATLAS.ti 7 Windows| Ricardo Contreras

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com REFERENCES CITED 25 Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Densin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2011). Introduction: The Discipline and Practice of qualitative research. The Sage Handbook of Qualitative Research (4 th ed., pp. 1-19). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. Saldaña, J. (2009). The Coding Manual for Qualitative Researchers. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, Inc. Silver, C., & Lewins, A. (2014). Using Software in Qualitative Research: A Step-by-Step Guide (2nd ed.). London: SAGE Publications Ltd.

© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com© 2015 ATLAS.tiwww.atlasti.com THANK YOU! 26 ATLAS.ti Scientific Software Development GmbH Hardenbergstr. 7 D Berlin Germany training, sales and general inquiries: +1 (866) (toll-free US and Canada)