World War I America. Plant the Seed…Alliances Triple Alliance (Central Powers): Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire Triple Entente (Allied Powers):

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Presentation transcript:

World War I America

Plant the Seed…Alliances Triple Alliance (Central Powers): Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Empire Triple Entente (Allied Powers): France, Great Britain, and Russia – later USA! PEOPLE BELIEVED IN ALLIANCES

Nationalism

Imperialism

World War I Begins in 1914 Austrian Archduke Francis Ferdinand and wife assassinated in Sarajevo by Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip (June 28). Franz Joseph didn’t even like his own son…Kaiser Wilhelm II did – personal insult. Austria declares war on Serbia (July 28). Germany declares war on Russia (Aug. 1), on France (Aug. 3), invades Belgium (Aug. 4). Britain declares war on Germany (Aug. 4).

Famous Quotes “The lamps are going out all over Europe. We shall not see them lit again in our lifetime.” - British foreign secretary Sir Edward Grey reflecting on Germany’s pending invasion of Belgium in “You are a ‘Lost Generation’” -Gertrude Stein (after the war)

Von Schlieffen Gone Bad Germany’s advance halted at the Battle of Marne Four years of stalemate

President Woodrow Wilson… Progressive: Anti-trust (anti- monopoly); for women’s suffrage; for labor rights; Anti-war. Often defined by his morality and idealism.

…Woodrow Wilson Why did he intervene in Mexico with U.S. troops? – Diaz, Huerta, Modero Why did he ask Congress to declare war against The Central Powers (Germany, Austria, Turkey)?

Why does the USA get involved in World War I? This headline from the front page of the May 8, 1915 edition of the "New York Times" reads, "Lusitania Sunk by A Submarine, probably 1,260 Dead."

Why enter WWI? 1915: Lusitania sunk by Germans; 126 Americans killed. 1917: Germans resume unrestricted submarine warfare around British Isles. – Broke Sussex Pledge 1917: Zimmerman Telegram to Mexico. World, Allied, and British-U.S. commerce and trade threatened. And, of course, for freedom and democracy.

How did the USA Prepare for War? Selective Service Act: institutes nationwide conscription/draft. U.S. armed forces: from 200,000 to nearly 5 million!

How Did the Government Persuade the American People to Support the War? Wilson creates the Committee on Public Information (CPI) to influence public opinion to support the war effort. George Creel is chairman.

Who Were the 4 Minute Men? Volunteer Army of 75,000, organized by the Creel’s CPI, these men gave patriotic, pro-war speeches before stages and movie shows nationwide.

How and Why did the USA Use Propaganda?

What Was the Role of the US Food Administration? Headed by Herbert Hoover Asked Americans to save certain foods for export to supply the Allied war effort.

Why Did People Buy War Bonds?

How Did Children Help The War Effort?

Who Were the USA’s Soldiers?

Facts About Our World War I Soldiers >2 million American men—the Doughboys-- were sent overseas to fight in World War I 52,000 Americans died in battle 60,000 died of illness such as pneumonia and influenza.

What Experience Did the Army Offer to African American Soldiers? Exceeded volunteer targets Segregated, but... Black Officers Great Heroism Fighting 369 th saw more combat than any other US troops

How Were Americans’ Civil Liberties Affected by the War? The Espionage Act The Espionage Act: imprisonment and fine for anyone found guilty of aiding the enemy, obstructing recruitment, or causing insubordination in the armed forces.(1917) The Sedition Act The Sedition Act: outlawed any disloyal, profane, or abusive language intended to cause contempt, scorn, or disrepute to the government, Constitution, or flag.(1918)

How Were American Women Affected by the War? A million women entered the American workforce during World War I What happened to their jobs after the war?

World War II

Pershing in D.C. and St. Louis Parades in 1919

How Did the War End? Who Won? Who Lost? How Ended?

“The War to End All Wars” Peace Treaty Signed at Versailles, 1919 Woodrow Wilson leaving the Palace of Versailles after signing the Peace Treaty.

Wilsonian Idealism… 14 Points : Wilson calls for lasting peace, diplomacy, free trade with all nations, self- determination and opportunity for autonomous development for all nations, and the re- drawing of national boundaries. League of Nations: International body designed to enforce the new order; rejected by Congress.