New Technologies for extended Gas Analysis Potential of industrial Gas Analysis for industrial Gas Utilization GERG/MARCOGAZ Gas Sensors Technologies Workshop , Brussels Joachim Kastner 1

Primary Task of Gas Quality Measurement: Energy Metering 2 Gas Quality Measurement

Tasks of Gas Quality Measurement in Transportation and Distribution Primary task of GQM: Fiscal energy metering Secondary tasks of GQM: Extended analysis of gas specifications Gas Quality Dynamics – Variation of key gas parameters: Calorific Value, Density, Wobbe, Methane Number, … – Control & regulation of gas processing and utilization 3 Calorific Value Density Wobbe Index Methane Number CO 2 Emission Factor CO 2 concentration Sulphur (H 2 S, COS, …) Total Sulphur Odorants (THT, TBM, Acrylates) Oxygen concentration Hydrogen concentration Hydrocarbon Dewpoint Water Dewpoint Viscosity Sooting Index Incomplete Combustion Factor

Gaschromatograph EnCal 3000 µGC technology: – MEMS injector and detector – Micro packed and capillary columns Exd housing with 2 form factors (standard/quad) – 1 or 2 enclosures for 1-4 micro GC channels – Individual carrier gas supply for each channel – Integrated Double-Block&Bleed stream selector (6 str.) Wide analytical range  extended gas analysis Communication via modbus (seriell, ethernet) 4

Gaschromatograph EnCal 3000 Extended Gas Applications FeatureDescription C6+, C9, C12 Natural Gas analysis for fiscal energy measurement N2, CH4, CO2, C2, C3, iC4, nC4, neoC5, iC5, nC5, C6, …,C12 C9, C12 & HCDP Hydrocarbon Dewpoint Analysis based on hydrocarbon isomer analysis including cyclic components Biogas Biogas analysis for fiscal measurement (raw, upgraded, conditioned) H2, O2, N2, CH4, CO2, C2, C3, iC4, nC4 Extended Gas (Biogas, Power-to-Gas) Hydrogen, Oxygen in Natural Gas analysis for fiscal measurement H2, O2, N2, CH4, CO2, C2, C3, iC4, nC4, neoC5, iC5, nC5, C6+ SulfurH2S, COS, Methylmercaptane (“near total sulfur”) OdorantsTHT, TBM H2OMoisture measurement Unsaturated HCsRefinery gas measurement MethanolGas drying Multi-Level-CalibrationUltimate linearity over wide gas range 5

Sensor System Gas Analyzer gaslab Q1 Sensor system: Infrared absorption, heat conductivity, model calculation Continuous flameless measurement of gas parameters: Calorific Value, Density, Wobbe Index, Methane Number, xCO 2, xC2+,…  Replacement of calorimeters Wide measurement range of generic natural gases with single calibration Fast signal dynamics  Process measurement, control & regulation Metrological approvals  Test point for fiscal metering Controller with multiple analogue and digital I/O, Modbus serial/TCP Applications: Gas processing, power plant control, fiscal metering © 2011 by Elster. All rights reserved. 6

Novel µGC-Technology of Elster Economic Process GC Novel µGC technology – Column on chip – Fast T programming  Highly integrated GC analysis Core components – Injector – Column – Detector µGC with column switching on printed circuit board Very low carrier consumption 7

Novel µGC-Technology of Elster Applications Natural GasBiogas 8

Approaches for Gas Quality Management in Gas Utilization 1.Gas Conditioning Reduction/Compensation of gas quality variations Measurement of gas parameters (fast, continuous) Conditioning by blending with LPG/Air Level: Transportation, distribution, utilization 2.Process Control & Regulation Reduction/Compensation of the effect of gas quality variations on the gas utilization process Ex-post: Measurement of effects in the process  Feed back, reaction Ex-ante: Gas quality measurement before process (fast, continuous)  Feed forward, action Control & regulation of utilization processes Level: Distribution, utilization 9

Distribution Gas Quality Measurement Downstream Roadmap 10 Transportation Industrial Utilization Industrial Utilization Residential today +3yrs +5yrs 10yrs Light Industrial Utilization Light Industrial Utilization GCs New µGCs New µGCs New µGCs New µGCs Sensor Systems Sensor Systems Sensors Sensor Systems Sensor Systems 10

LPG/Air Gas Conditio- ning Gas Conditio- ning Gas Conditio- ning Gas Conditio- ning LPG/Air Gas Utilization Prozess Gas Conditio- ning LPG/Air Gas Utilization Prozess Smart Distribution Grid with Gas Quality Measurement, Control & Regulation 11 Smart Grid Network Simulation Smart Grid Network Simulation Biogas, H 2 Gas Analysis Transportation Network Distribution Network Information Network Gas Analysis Gas Conditioning Gas Conditio- ning

Thank you Business & Technology Development Manager Energy Measurement Dr. Joachim Kastner