FLOODS AND FLASH FLOODS Prepared by: Ridham Goti( )

FLOODS ARE NATURAL PHENOMENA. FLOODS

 FLOODS ARE WATER RELATED DISASTER  WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT INCLUDES MANAGEMENT OF THESE DISASTERS

CAUSES OF FLOODS  PRECIPITATION  INADEQUATE CAPACITY (WITHIN BANKS)  BANK EROSION AND SILTING  LAND SLIDES  TIDAL AND BACK WATER EFFECTS  POOR DRAINAGE  SNOW MELT AND GLACIAL OUT BURSTS

FLOOD MANAGEMENT GEOGRAPHICAL328 FLOOD PRONE4012% PROTECTABLE3280% PROTECTED16.445% FLOOD AFFECTED  AVERAGE7.7  MAXIMUM17.5(1978)  MINIMUM1.5(1965) GEOGRAPHICAL328 FLOOD PRONE4012% PROTECTABLE3280% PROTECTED16.445% FLOOD AFFECTED  AVERAGE7.7  MAXIMUM17.5(1978)  MINIMUM1.5(1965) INDIA AREA (M. Ha)

FLOOD MANAGEMENT INDIA FLOOD PRONE AREA - 40 M.Ha. OTHER STATES 43.9% OTHER STATES 43.9% UTTAR PRADESH 21.90% UTTAR PRADESH 21.90% BIHAR 12.71% BIHAR 12.71% ASSAM 9.40% ASSAM 9.40% WEST BENGAL 7.91% WEST BENGAL 7.91% ORISSA 4.18% ORISSA 4.18%

FLOOD MANAGEMENT INDIA AREA AFFECTED BY FLOODS YEAR AREA IN M.Ha. 1999

FLOOD DAMAGE IN INDIA DURING RUPEES IN CRORE YEAR

 INDISCRIMINATE ENCROACHMENT  INCREASING ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES IN FLOOD PLAINS  LACK OF REGULATIONS  INADEQUATE DRAINAGE SYSTEM  INADEQUATE MAINTENANCE  LACK OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS  INDISCRIMINATE ENCROACHMENT  INCREASING ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENTAL ACTIVITIES IN FLOOD PLAINS  LACK OF REGULATIONS  INADEQUATE DRAINAGE SYSTEM  INADEQUATE MAINTENANCE  LACK OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS INCREASED VULNERABILITY CAUSES INCREASED VULNERABILITY CAUSES

FLOOD MANAGEMENT  FLOODS CAN NOT BE ABSOLUTELY CONTROLLED  FLOODS CAN ONLY BE MANAGED TO REDUCE FLOOD LOSSES  FLOODS CAN NOT BE ABSOLUTELY CONTROLLED  FLOODS CAN ONLY BE MANAGED TO REDUCE FLOOD LOSSES APPROACH

FLOOD MANAGEMENT  MODIFY THE FLOODS  MODIFY THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FLOOD DAMAGE  MODIFY THE LOSS BURDEN  BEAR THE LOSS  MODIFY THE FLOODS  MODIFY THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FLOOD DAMAGE  MODIFY THE LOSS BURDEN  BEAR THE LOSS STRATEGIES

FLOOD MANAGEMENT ORGANISATIONS  STATE FLOOD CONTROL DEPARTMENTS  CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION  GANGA FLOOD CONTROL COMMISSION  BRAHMAPUTRA BOARD  MHA - NDM DIVISION

FLOOD MANAGEMENTMEASURES  STRUCTURAL :PHYSICAL WORKS FOR MEASURES MODIFYING FLOOD MAGNITUDE ( TO KEEP FLOODS AWAY FROM PEOPLE )  NON-STRUCTURAL :PLANNED ACTIVITY TO MODIFY MEASURESSUSCEPTIBILITY TO FLOOD DAMAGE ( TO KEEP PEOPLE AWAY FROM FLOODS )  STRUCTURAL :PHYSICAL WORKS FOR MEASURES MODIFYING FLOOD MAGNITUDE ( TO KEEP FLOODS AWAY FROM PEOPLE )  NON-STRUCTURAL :PLANNED ACTIVITY TO MODIFY MEASURESSUSCEPTIBILITY TO FLOOD DAMAGE ( TO KEEP PEOPLE AWAY FROM FLOODS )

FLOOD MANAGEMENT  DAMS & RESERVOIRS  EMBANKMENT  CHANNEL IMPROVEMENT  RIVER DIVERSION  INTER BASIN TRANSFER  ANTI EROSION WORKS STRUCTURAL MEASURES

FLOOD MANAGEMENT  FLOOD FORECASTING & WARNING  FLOOD PLAIN ZONING  FLOOD FIGHTING  FLOOD PROOFING  FLOOD INSURANCE  RELIEF & REHABILITATION NON STRUCTURAL MEASURES

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING WATER SUPPLY FACTORY POWER HOUSE UNIVERSITY RESIDENTIAL AREA GOVT. OFFICE HOSPITAL NORMAL CHANNEL PARK FREQUENT FLOOD FLOOD ONCE IN 25 YEARS FLOOD ONCE IN 100 YEARS III II IIII I

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING PROHIBITIVE RESTRICTIVE WARNING RESTRICTIVE I I II III II I I RIVER CHANNEL

FLOOD FORECASTING BEGINNING  STARTED BY CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION  YEAR 1958  RIVER YAMUNA  FORECASTING STATION DELHI RAILWAY BRIDGE BEGINNING  STARTED BY CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION  YEAR 1958  RIVER YAMUNA  FORECASTING STATION DELHI RAILWAY BRIDGE INDIA

FLOOD FORECASTING AND WARNING DATA COLLECTION DATA TRANSMISSION DATA ANALYSIS & FORECAST FORMULATION DISSEMINATION OF FORECAST DATA COLLECTION DATA TRANSMISSION DATA ANALYSIS & FORECAST FORMULATION DISSEMINATION OF FORECAST STEPS

FLOOD FORECASTING  HYDROLOGICAL RIVER WATER LEVEL RIVER DISCHARGE  HYDROMETEOROLGICAL RAINFALL OTHER RECIPITATION eg. SNOW, HAIL ETC.  HYDROLOGICAL RIVER WATER LEVEL RIVER DISCHARGE  HYDROMETEOROLGICAL RAINFALL OTHER RECIPITATION eg. SNOW, HAIL ETC. DATA COLLECTION

FLOOD FORECASTING  WIRELESS  TELEPHONE  FAX  WIRELESS  TELEPHONE  FAX DATA TRANSMISSION SATELLITE TELEGRAPH TELEX SATELLITE TELEGRAPH TELEX

FLOOD FORECASTING  CORRELATION  MATHEMATICAL MODELS  CORRELATION  MATHEMATICAL MODELS DATA ANALYSIS & FORECAST FORMULATION

FLOOD FORECASTING DISSEMINATION FORECAST CIVIL AUTHORITY OTHER AGENCIES PRESS, A I R DOORDARSHAN PRESS, A I R DOORDARSHAN OTHER USERS LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES OTHER USERS LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES

FLOOD FORECASTING AND WARNING PRESENT SYSTEM - SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM WEATHER FORECASTS RIVER STAGE & DISCHARGE AT BASE STATION RIVER STAGE & DISCHARGE AT BASE STATION RIVER STAGE & DISCHARGE AT FORECASTING STATIONS RIVER STAGE & DISCHARGE AT FORECASTING STATIONS RAINFALL F.M. O. OF I.M.D FLOOD FORECASTING CENTRES & CONTROL ROOMS FLOOD FORECASTING CENTRES & CONTROL ROOMS FORMULATION OF FORECAST FORMULATION OF FORECAST C.E., S.E. STATE GOVT. CONTROL ROOM STATE GOVT. CONTROL ROOM PRESS RADIO P & T POLICE FLOOD COMMITTEE CIVIL AUTHORITIES ENGG. AUTHORITIES DEFENCE RAILWAYS INDUSTRIES F.M.O OF I.M.D REGIONAL OFFICES OF I.M.D. REGIONAL OFFICES OF I.M.D. REGIONAL OFFICES OF I.M.D. REGIONAL OFFICES OF I.M.D. DOORDARSHAN CWC HQ MINISTRY OF WR

FLOOD MANAGEMENT scope  Use of Remote Sensing and GIS  Research and Development  Weather / Rainfall Forecasting  FF Modelling  Capacity Building  International Cooperation

FLOOD FORECASTING NETWORK  COVERS MAJOR AND INTER STATE RIVER BASINS. 166 STATIONS :- INFLOW 27 & STAGE 139  COVERS MAJOR AND INTER STATE RIVER BASINS. 166 STATIONS :- INFLOW 27 & STAGE 139 INDIA

FLOOD FORECASTING STATIONS INDIA GANGAB’PUTRAWEST FLOWING GODAVARIEASTERN RIVERS KRISHNAMAHANADIBARAK

FLOOD FORECASTING STATIONS INDIA BIHAR UP ASSAM W. B. APAP ORISSA GUJARAT M’RASHTRA KARNA TAKA MP D & NH HARYANA NCT DELHI 4 2 UTTAR ANCHAL JHARKHAND

FLOOD MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES Pre flood During flood Post flood

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING  AN IMPORTANT NON-STRUCTURAL MEASURE.  REGULATES LAND USE IN FLOOD PLAINS TO RESTRICT DAMAGE BY FLOODS.  INVOLVES DEMARCATION OF ZONES IN FLOOD PLAINS COMPATIBLE WITH FLOOD RISKS INVOLVED.  AN IMPORTANT NON-STRUCTURAL MEASURE.  REGULATES LAND USE IN FLOOD PLAINS TO RESTRICT DAMAGE BY FLOODS.  INVOLVES DEMARCATION OF ZONES IN FLOOD PLAINS COMPATIBLE WITH FLOOD RISKS INVOLVED. CONCEPT

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING PRIORITY - I ACTIVITY LIMITED TO WATER LEVELS CORRESPONDING TO 100 YEARS FLOOD FREQUENCY AND DRAINAGE CONGESTION FOR 50 YEARS RAINFALL. PRIORITY - I ACTIVITY LIMITED TO WATER LEVELS CORRESPONDING TO 100 YEARS FLOOD FREQUENCY AND DRAINAGE CONGESTION FOR 50 YEARS RAINFALL. ZONE REGULATION

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING PRIORITY - II ACTIVITY LIMITED TO LEVELS CORRESPONDING TO 25 YEARS FLOOD FREQUENCY AND DRAINAGE CONGESTION FOR 10 YEARS RAINFALL FREQUENCY. PRIORITY - II ACTIVITY LIMITED TO LEVELS CORRESPONDING TO 25 YEARS FLOOD FREQUENCY AND DRAINAGE CONGESTION FOR 10 YEARS RAINFALL FREQUENCY. ZONE REGULATION

FLOOD PLAIN ZONING PRIORITY - III LESS ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY ACTIVITY IN AREAS VULNERABLE TO FREQUENT FLOODS. PRIORITY - III LESS ECONOMIC AND COMMUNITY ACTIVITY IN AREAS VULNERABLE TO FREQUENT FLOODS. ZONE REGULATION

FLOOD MANAGEMENT FUTURE STRATEGIES  Focused Approach  Basin Wise Action Plan  Flood Plain Zoning  Role of Central Government  Funding of Planned Flood Management Works  Adequacy of Flood Cushion in Reservoirs

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