Chapter 17 Foreign Policy And National Defense

Section 1 Foreign Affairs and National Security Isolationism to Internationalism – Domestic affairs- events occurring at home – Foreign affairs- relationships with other countries – Isolationism- refusal to become involved in outside affairs – Since WWII world affairs have affected everyone Economics War, terrorism Racial issues

Section 1 Foreign Affairs and National Security Foreign Policy Defined – Foreign policy- Policy that includes what a government says and does in world affairs Many different stances, plans, actions Includes treaties, alliances, trade agreements, aid, military budget, UN, etc. Immigration, imports/exports, sanctions, technology

Section 1 Foreign Affairs and National Security President is chief diplomat and commander in chief – Responsible for making policy and how it is conducted – Relies on many different deputies

The State Department Secretary of state- President’s main advisor on foreign affairs – Appointed by the president – Approved by the Senate

The State Department Secretary of State 1 st among cabinet positions Thomas Jefferson was 1 st Sec. of State Madeleine Albright was 1 st woman Sec. of State in 1997 Conduct policy and manage its 25,000 employees

The State Department Organization and Components Organized by geography and function – Bureau of African Affairs – Bureau of Arms Control – Have assistant secretary

The State Department Foreign Service Right of Legation- right to send and receive diplomatic representatives – 6,000 people represent the U.S. throughout the world – Ben Franklin was first minister- France

The State Department Ambassadors Ambassador- official representative in matters of national diplomacy One for each state we recognize – Over 160 countries – Stationed in countries capitals

The State Department Ambassadors Consular offices – Promote American interests – Trade, intelligence, travelers, aiding American citizens abroad, etc Ambassadorships – Rewards for support

The State Department Special Diplomats Appointed persons to special posts – UN, North Atlantic Treaty Council – Considered ambassadors

The State Department Passports Certificate issued by the gov’t who travel or live abroad – Usually for travel Visas- permit to enter another state – Must be obtained by the country you are visiting – Can get at the consulate – Extended stays, work, education

The State Department Diplomatic Immunity Not subject to the laws of the state they are accredited to. Embassies can not be entered or papers searched Assume ambassadors will not abuse the power – Iran hostage crisis, 1979

The Defense Department Brought together the Army and Navy under one cabinet department – The USAF was part of the Army at the time

The Defense Department Civil control of the military Dangers of a strong military – President is Commander but Congress controls other aspects – Sec. of Defense can not have served on active duty for 10 years

The Defense Department Sec of Defense Appointed by Pres. Chief aide in making and carrying out defense policy Head of Defense department Serves at the Pentagon Ash Carter

The Defense Department Chief Military Aides 5 Members of the joint chiefs of staff – Advisors to sec. of defense, president and National Sec. Council – Chairman of the Joint Chiefs, army chief of staff, chief of naval operations, commandant of the Marine Corps and air force chief of staff – Appointed by president

Military Departments Army, Navy, and Air Force are headed by a civilian sec. appointed by the pres. – Headed by the Sec. of Defense – Marine Corps is listed under the Navy – Coast Guard is also a branch of the military

Military Departments Dept. of the Army Largest and oldest dept. Ground based force – Defeat attack on U.S – Take swift forceful action to protect U.S. interests anywhere else

Military Departments Dept. of the Navy Sea warfare and defense Report to Chief of Naval Operations Marine Corps operates under the Navy – Does not report to CNO but directly to Sec. of Navy – Land unit of the Navy – Seize or defend land bases which ships can operate – Land operations essential to naval campaign

Military Departments Dept. of the Air Force Originally part of the Army 1 st line of defense Carry out air missions, provide transportation, defend air and land, combat support