Northeast Regional Climate Information Projected Climate Changes for the Northeast More frequent and intense extreme precipitation events, 100-year storm projected to increase from 4-20% by 2060 Sea level projected to rise 1 to 4 feet by 2100 Increased flooding from storm surge 1

Northeast Regional Climate Information (cont’d) Projected Climate Changes for the Northeast More hot days, up to 60 additional days above 90  F Increased precipitation patterns, but with seasonal differences Shorter winters, with more precipitation falling as rain instead of snow More frequent short-term droughts lasting 1-3 months 2

Southeast and the Caribbean Regional Climate Information Projected Climate Changes for the Southeast and the Caribbean Increased intensity and frequency of droughts Increased frequency of intense precipitation events Summer precipitation projected to trend towards extremes, either exceptionally wet or exceptionally dry 3

Southeast and the Caribbean Regional Climate Information (cont’d) Projected Climate Changes for the Southeast and the Caribbean More frequent flooding from storm surge Sea level rise, saltwater intrusion into aquifers and salinity increases in estuaries Fewer tropical storms projected, but storms expected be stronger (more Category 4 and 5 hurricanes) 4

Midwest Regional Climate Information Projected Climate Changes for the Midwest More frequent and longer heat waves Increased surface water temperatures resulting in water quality changes and less ice cover on lakes 5

Midwest Regional Climate Information (cont’d) Projected Climate Changes for the Midwest Overall increase in precipitation, but more precipitation falling in heavy rainfall events Flooding from rainfall is projected to occur two to three times as often by 2100 Decreased summer precipitation, increase number of days without precipitation 6

Great Plains Regional Climate Information Projected Climate Changes for the Great Plains Drier conditions in the south, and wetter conditions in the north Changing precipitation patterns, resulting in increased periods of drought in southern Great Plains Increasing temperatures, faster evaporation rates, and droughts will stress water sources Reduced soil moisture and water availability 7

Great Plains Regional Climate Information (cont’d) Projected Climate Changes for the Great Plains More frequent heavy precipitation events, 100-year storm projected to increase from 5-15% by 2060 More frequent and longer heat waves 8

9 Reduced snowpack and changing runoff patterns from more winter precipitation falling as rain instead of snow, and earlier snowmelt Increased flooding risk due to changes in the timing of runoff and changing precipitation patterns Projected Climate Changes for the Southwest Southwest Regional Climate Information

Southwest Regional Climate Information (cont’d) Projected Climate Changes for the Southwest Increased temperatures, especially in the summer, when projected temperature increases are greater than the annual average increases More frequent and longer heat waves Increased periods of severe drought Increased risk of wildfire, up to 74% more fires in California are projected 10

Northwest Regional Climate Information Projected Climate Changes for the Northwest Reduced snowpack and changing runoff patterns from more winter precipitation falling as rain instead of snow, and earlier snowmelt Spring snowmelt projected to shift 3 to 4 weeks earlier by 2050 Loss of beaches and other coastal land from erosion related to sea level rise 11

Northwest Regional Climate Information (cont’d) Projected Climate Changes for the Northwest Changing precipitation patterns, resulting in increased flood risk in winter and increased drought risk in summer Increased wildfire risk due to decreased precipitation in summer months 12 Increase in the number of hot days over 95  F

Alaska Regional Climate Information Projected Climate Changes for Alaska 13 Lower sea ice coverage and thawing permafrost from increased air temperatures Increases in fires in northern and western Alaska, the average area burned per year by wildfires in Alaska is projected to double by 2050

Alaska Regional Climate Information (cont’d) Projected Climate Changes for Alaska 14 Increased annual precipitation Coastal flooding and erosion from loss of sea ice, intense storms and thawing permafrost

Hawaii and the U.S.-Affiliated Islands Regional Climate Information Projected Climate Changes for Hawaii and Islands 15 Increases in air and ocean temperatures Coastal erosion from sea level rise and storm surge Coral reef bleaching, ocean acidification and saltwater contamination of freshwater sources

Hawaii and the U.S.-Affiliated Islands Regional Climate Information (cont’d) Projected Climate Changes for Hawaii and Islands High variability in future precipitation patterns, with more frequent and intense extreme storm events Potential flooding during the dry season due to increased precipitation 16