9.3: The Inquiry and Writing Process Unit 2

Do Now: Put the word “synthesize” in your Vocab journal. word in context: “You will need to synthesize multiple sources on one subject” Agenda: ●Do Now ●Unit 2 Intro ●Creating Research Portfolios ●Inquiry Questions

The Standards RI a: Develop factual, interpretive, and evaluative questions for further exploration of [your] topic W9-10.8: Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources, using advanced searches effectively

Now... Go on your Google Drive and create a folder titled “Research Portfolio.” Within that folder, create 4 more folders: 1)Defining an Area of Investigation 2)Gathering Information 3)Drawing Conclusions 4)Discarded Information

Sub-topics ●Most of us have one Inquiry Question or Topic we’d like to investigate. But… ●our entire essay is not just one topic! ●What are some topics that come under (sub-topics) are main Inquiry Question?

Why is stress bad for people? 1)Is it possible for stress to be a good thing? 2)What are the emotional effects of stress? 3)What are the physical effects of stress? 4)What body systems are affected by stress? 5)How can we prevent stress?

In your groups 1)Each person should explain was his/her Inquiry Question is 2)Each person should come up with five (5) sub-questions that fall under their original Inquiry Question

Do Now: Put the word “cyclical” in your Vocab journal. word in context: “The research process is cyclical, and many steps are repeated or returned to.” Agenda: ●Do Now ●Specific Inquiry Questions Checklist ●Exit Ticket

Today’s Goals ●Evaluate your Inquiry Based Questions ●Revise your Questions ●Be ready to move on to research after break

IQ Checklist- Model Research topic: How does animal intelligence compare to human intelligence? Question: Do animals think like humans?

Do animals think like humans? #1: Does the question have an appropriate scope or purpose? Does it focus on an important aspect of the research question or problem? No: too similar to our research problem, scop might also be too broad

Do animals think like humans? #2: IS the question useful? Will it lead to meaningful inquiry? Maybe: it is useful, could be meaningful, but might be too large

Do animals think like humans? #3: Is the question answerable through research? Yes: could find information about animals thinking like humans

Do animals think like humans? #4: Is your question understandable and clear? Yes and no; the question is understandable, but the large scope makes it unclear. What do we want to know specifically about animals thinking like humans?

Do animals think like humans? #5: Does your question require multiple answers and possibly more questions? No. The question requires yes/no answer, and not multiple answers. So, it does not fit this criterion.

Do animals think like humans? #6: Is your question’s answer unknown to you? Yes, the answer is unknown. It would require research to find the answer.

Modify your question... Instead of “Do animals think like humans?” Try… “How do,” or “Can,” or “In what ways,” or “When,” etc…. Something as simple as changing the beginning changes everything!!!!!!

Do Now: Put the word “authoritative” in your Vocab journal. word in context: “You will need to gather multiple authoritative sources to help make your paper more academic” Agenda: ●Do Now ●Tips for searching ●Gathering sources ●Potential Sources Tool

Consider the following... ●How do researchers measure animal intelligence? ●What characteristics do the animal and human brain share? ●What animals have “genius-like” qualities and how do we know?

How do I find sources? ●What is the area of my search and where could I find credible sources? ●What type of information am I looking for and what type of sources should I be looking for?

Autism ●What is the area of my search and where could I find credible sources? The field is developmental disorders I could find sources in things like medical journals, personal experiences, and encyclopedias

Autistic Population ●What type of information am I looking for and what type of sources should I be looking for? If I am looking at rise or decline, I will need numbers, so I want reports, graphs, data, historical events that might affect it, etc

Search the following... ●current research on animal intelligence ●how do researchers measure animal intelligence ●are animals smart

On Google... ●Type in “National Geographic” ●Search the National Geographic site for “animal intelligence” ●Find the article titled: “Animal Minds” (second result?)

Classwork/Homework Come to class tomorrow six potential sources on your Potential Sources Tool

Do Now: Put the word “credentials” in your Vocab journal. Word in context: “You can use an author’s credentials to determine whether you should trust their work” Agenda: ●Do Now ●Homework ●Source Evaluation Matrix

By now, you should have... ●Research Question/Problem ●Several Specific Inquiry Questions ●Six sources

Hopefully we will find... ●Whether or not your sources are reliable ●More sources, if necessary ●Print sources in the library on Friday

HOMEWORK For Friday, 4/10, make sure you have: ●Six reliable sources on your Potential Sources Tool

Do Now: Pick up a paper from the table, find a seat, and sit quietly Agenda: ●Check-In ●Library Search

You will need... ●5-6 good (Average 15 on the Matrix) electronic sources ●2-3 good print sources ●On Monday, we will begin reading these sources and collecting notes from them (NOTE: I will be checking your folders on Monday-- make sure everything’s there!)

Do Now: Put the word “yielded” in your Vocab journal. Word in context: “When my search yielded few results, I had to change my terms.” Agenda: ●Do Now ●Source Analyzing ●Note Taking

Today’s Standard W : Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources, using advanced searches effectively; assess the usefulness of each source in answering the research question; integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas, avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation

Today’s Standard “Gather relevant information from multiple authoritative print and digital sources, using advanced searches effectively” DONE!

Today’s Standard “...assess the usefulness of each source in answering the research question” DONE!

Today’s Standard “....integrate information into the text selectively to maintain the flow of ideas” TODAY’S PLAN Future plans: “...avoiding plagiarism and following a standard format for citation”

Instructions 1.Create a Source Evaluation Matrix for the books you found in the library 2.Organize your English Research Portfolios on Drive 3.Check in with me to see if you need more sources and if everything is organized 4.Begin taking notes (See next slide!)

SHAWN NICK ABIGAILJAKE BAYLIE ANNA ISAIAH STEPH JESSE MASON THERESA TORI DANNY MADI ALYSSAMAGI RILEE SHEA

Do Now: Put the word “thematically” in your Vocab journal. Word in context:“I can compare these passages because they are thematically linked.” Agenda: ●Do Now ●Check-in ●Note Taking

Calendar Today: Taking Notes Thurs 4/16: Forming Claims Fri 4/17: MLA/Begin Writing Mon 4/20 - Fri 4/24 (4 days): Writing WEDNESDAY 4/29: START 9.4

Steps to Note Taking for Research 1)Read closely and annotate a) Key words/concepts (remember voc journal!) b) Info to answer inquiry questions c) Areas for further exploration d) Connections to other sources 2)Take notes a) Analyze your annotations to determine what is most important to your research

Do Now: Find a seat and put everything away Agenda: ●The Research Paper ●Determining Sources ●Continue taking notes

The Research Paper ●Length: 3-5 pages o Introduction, body paragraphs, conclusion ●Sources: 5, including 1 print ●Important: Your paper should not be one source per paragraph o Sources should be integrated into the paper

Your Claims ●So far, you have been asking questions ●Now, when you write your research paper, your job is to answer them ●Your answers become your claims

Roadmap to your Paper

Your Paragraphs ●Each paragraph has one specific claim ●But, that claim can be supported with multiple sources and pieces of evidence o Some will have many sources, some only one-- but all claims must be supported with evidence from your research

Today/for Homework 1)Finish reading/taking notes on your sources 2)Choose what sources you’re going to be using a) Remember: 5 sources 3)Be prepared to tell me what your claims are going to be by tomorrow!

Do Now: Find your seat and put everything away Agenda: ●MLA in-text ●Making Claims ●Evidence to Claims Tool ●Exit Ticket

MLA in-text Citations ●MLA: Modern Language Association o Standard for how we use the English Language in writing ●How do we know where quotes came from? o John said, “I hate all girls” ●We need to cite them

Book Format ●You always need to have the author’s last name and the page number. o Note: Page number can only come in parentheses o The author can come in your text ●The format for any in-text citation is (Author Page) o Example: “Animals are smart” (Grandin 16).

Things to Remember: ●You should never write the word “page” ●Author’s last name only ●Always use parentheses ●You should punctuate as if the citation is part of your sentence o In other words, period comes after the citation, outside the parentheses

Some examples ●“Ellen was motionless on the sidewalk” from Number the Stars by Lois Lowry, page 3 o “Ellen was motionless on the sidewalk” (Lowry 3). ●“People think I must have had an epiphany” from Animals in Translation by Temple Grandin on page 1. o “People think I must have had an epiphany” (Grandin 1).

Another option ●If you put the author’s name in your essay in the same sentence, you do not need to put it in your in-text citation. o In that case, put just the page in parentheses ●Example: Temple Grandin writes that “People think I must have had an epiphany” (1). ●Example: Lois Lowry writes that “Ellen was sitting at the table” (3).

Website Format ●You do not need to have a page number for a website ●The format for any in-text citation is (Author) o Example: “Animals are smart” (Grandin).

Website Format ●If you do not have an author for a website, use the first three words of the title o Example: “Animals are smart” (“My Story”). o or: “Animals are amazing” (“25 Amazing Service”).

Leaving out part of a quote ●Our quote: “Scientists are now finally meeting animals on their own terms instead of treating them like furry humans, and this shift is reshaping our understanding” (Castro 6). ●If you leave out or change part of a quote, you must use brackets [ ] ●If you leave something out, put an ellipsis (3 dots) in brackets to replace the words you removed o “Scientists are now finally meeting animals on their own terms [...] and this shift is reshaping our understanding” (Castro 6).

Changing a quote ●Our quote: “Scientists are now finally meeting animals on their own terms instead of treating them like furry humans, and this shift is reshaping our understanding” (Castro 6). ●If you insert words, put the inserted words in brackets o “Scientists are now finally meeting animals on their own terms [...which is] reshaping our understanding” (Castro 6). ●If you changed words, put the changed words in brackets o “[They] are now finally meeting animals” (Castro 6).

Now, go on to Classroom ●Click on “MLA Citation Exit Ticket” ●Complete it on your own

Roadmap to your Paper

Making claims ●Evidence #1: “We often test [animals] in ways that work fine with humans but not so well with other species” (Wasserman). ●Evidence #2: “We suggest a simple answer: by pursuing animal cognition with the methods of natural science” (Castro). ●Evidence #3: “Scientists are now finally meeting animals on their own terms instead of treating them like furry humans, and this shift is fundamentally reshaping our understanding” (Wasserman). ●Claim: The animal’s perspective is essential to consider if we are going to accurately measure their intelligence

Now, go on to Classroom ●Click on the “Research Frame” assignment ●Begin working

Citation Quick Reference ●If it’s a print source: o (Author Page). ●If it’s an internet source: o (Author). ●If there’s no author: o (“First Three words of title”).