Rainbow trout and cold water aquaculture Present status and Development perspective Tran Dinh Luan Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1

Presentation content 1.Cold water resources: status and development 2.Success story of the rainbow trout introduction and cultivation in Vietnam 3.Present status of cold water aquaculture in Vietnam 4.Development perspective

Cold water resources Potential of cold water resources Although Vietnam is located in sub-tropical zone, the country has good cold water resources. Cold water resources are coming from the forestry springs, underground water resources temperature of which is ranging from 18 o C to 27 o C. Cold water resources from springs/cricks in high mountain areas ( m above sea level), temperature is ranging from 7 0 C to 23 0 C.

Cold water resources There are not exact data of volume/ quantity of cold water, an estimation showed that some 50,000-60,000 m 3 /hrs. are available through out the year. Rate of cold water resources from forestry cricks/springs, ground water could be bit higher 60% compared with the resources from spring/cricks in high mountain areas (40%). New cold water resources are exploited at different locations in the mountainous provinces. New culture techniques such as circulation culture system are introducing to Vietnam that support to increase culture production.

Cold water resources Geographical location of cold water resources Northern mountain provinces: 35% Central plateau especially Lam Dong and Kon Tum provinces: 60% Provinces in Central Vietnam: 5%

Success story of the rainbow trout introduction and cultivation in Vietnam The first initiative on trout farming in Vietnam has been discussed between the scientists from Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Fish Inovation Center Ltd. (FIC Ltd.) and RIA1 in the end of 2001 in Hanoi. During the period Scientists of both countries made several field survey and assessment. In 2004 the feasibility study on environment, economics and market had been carried out.

Success story of the rainbow trout introduction In 2004 also the project on demonstration pilot for trout farm has formulated and Finish Embassy approved and provided US$ 100,000 for infrastructure, training, seed and feed from Finland. Vietnamese contribution was VND 1600 million for consultancy, for some infrastructure and other operation costs. October 2004 construction of the pilot farm was started. The Vice Minister, MOFI, Dr. Nguyen Viet Thang and Vice Chirman of PC Lao Cai participated at the Ground Breaking Inauguration in Silver Fall, SaPa, Lao Cai.

Success story of the rainbow trout introduction The first batch of fertilized trout eggs was received from Finland on 23 February, The Finland expert helped to hatch and take care for nursing from hatched larvae to fry. Second batch of eggs was received on 16 March Currently, about – eyed eggs are introduced to Vietnam every year. Cooperation between RIA.1, Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute and FIC is developed.

Initial achievements Near 95% of larvae from eggs and survival rate from larvae to fry was 90%. Fries were disseminated to three other sites for evaluation on adaptation of trout to other ecological conditions. By the end of the year fish from 4 small farms performed very good growth rate achieving an average weight of kg. Survival rate was good: 80-85%.

Temperature and DO recorded in SAPA

Growth of the rainbow trout fry

Growth of the fingerlings

Growth of fish until marketable size

Success from the first introduction Through trial with rainbow trout species, Scientists from Finland, RIA 1 could make conclusion that rainbow trout can grow well and further expanding in condition of Vietnam.

Present status of cold water farming At present: 22 small and medium scale grow- out farms of rainbow trout and sturgeon Production (ton/year) < 10 Number of farms

Present status of cold water In which: 14 farms growing trout, 3 farms growing sturgeon and 5 farms growing both trout and sturgeon. It is estimated that in the last year tons of trout and tons of sturgeon were harvested and marketed recently. The markets of cold fish is Ho Chi Minh city, Hanoi city and provincial centers. Product forms: life fish, smock (started).

Present status of cold water Number of hatchery: most of them are nursing hatcheries One located in the North belonging to RIA.1 One located in Lam Dong province belonging to RIA 3. Two other –private in Lam Dong province.

Present status of cold water The type of farms Earthen pond plastic line covered farm Race-way farm Cage farm Tank farm

Present status of cold water Government investments Number of the government funded project for cold water aquaculture: 11 projects of which 7 research project were funded by central government; and 5 funded by provincial government;

Present status of cold water In which: Among 12 projects there are 8 focusing on production technologies; 3 projects on assessment of cold water resources; and 1 on development of processing technique. The government established research center in 2006 under RIA 1 in Sapa, Lao Cai and invest about 500,000 USD for infrastructures young scientists/university grandaunts and technicians working for development of technology of cold water aquaculture.

Present status of cold water Services for seed: Rainbow trout: Finland (mainly); USA; China; and local production in SAPA Sturgeon: Russia and China Services for feed : Feeds for trout from: Finland; France; China; Canada; Chile; and Vietnam Feeds for sturgeon from: Finland (using trout feeds); and Vietnam

Development perspective Cold water aquaculture will continue expanding in both areas and number of farm as well as the production. It is suggested that by end of 2015 production could reach to tons of all species (trout, white fish; sturgeon species). New species such as white fish will also be planed and introduced for species diversification of cold water aquaculture.

Development perspective Processing industries will involve for diversifying products (fillet, smock, fish powder, salted, caviar…) for domestic and international markets. Market will be expanded for regional and international costumers.

Development perspective Seed and feed will mainly be produced locally and cooperation with international institutes. Grow out technology will be developed toward to high tech to get higher production and reduce risk of loses due to calamities and other accident. Environmental monitoring, disease control and GAP’s application and bio-security principle are undertaken at each farms to ensure high quality products.

Future inter-institutional development cooperation New project: “Capacity building for the development of cold water fish farming in Vietnam” that belong to Institutional Co-operation Instrument (ICI) program. Parters: –Research Institute for Aquaculture No.1 (RIA.1) –Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute (FGFRI) –Finnish Food Safety Authority Evira –MTT Agrifood Research Finland –Oy FIC Fish Innovation Centre Ltd.

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