LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES OF STUDENTS FROM A COMMUNITY COLLEGE By : Gurminderjeet Kaur P66326

CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION Problem Statement Conceptual Framework Research Aim Research Objectives Research Questions Research Hypotheses Definition of Terms

CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION Problem Statement standard of English in Malaysia is deteriorating students to get bored and lose their interest in learning the language By using language learning strategies, students will be able to develop their language proficiency

Conceptual Framework Source : Adapted by Cohen (2005), Ellis (1994) and Briewin, Naidu & Mohamed Amin Embi (2013)

The students’ language learning strategies affected by their individual differences language proficiency. The use of different types of strategies in listening, speaking, reading, writing, vocabulary and grammar influence the level of achievement in their exam.

Research Aim identify the language learning strategies used by male and female English as second language (ESL) learners Research Objectives To identify the language learning strategy employed by the students. To identify whether there is a significant difference in the use of LLS between male and female students (gender). To find out whether there is a significant difference in the use of LLS among the students with different English language proficiency. Research Questions What are the language learning strategies employed by the learners? Is there any significant difference between male and female students in the use of strategies? Is there any significant difference in the use of LLS among students with different English language proficiency?

Research Hypothesis Null Hypothesis H0: There is no significant difference between overall strategies used by learners in terms of gender. Alternative Hypothesis H1: There is a significant difference between overall strategies used by learners in terms of gender. Null Hypothesis H0: There is no significant difference between learners of different proficiency levels and their strategy used. Alternative Hypothesis H1: There is a significant difference between learners of different proficiency levels and their strategy used.

Definition of Terms Language Learning Strategy (Oxford 1990; as cited in Siti Zawiiyah Isa 2012) Mohamed Amin Embi (1996) Chamot (2004) O’Malley & Chamot (1990) College community students obtain Sijil Tinggi Pelajaran Malaysia (STPM), local matriculation or other equivalent secondary/high school qualifications to gain entry into these institutions. vary from language proficiency, abilities, attitude and interest. English as Second Language (ESL) Learners Male and female ESL learners Language proficiency Cummins (1980) as cited in Larsen-Freeman & Long 1991) (Oxford 1996)

CHAPTER 2 – LITERATURE REVIEW Definitions Of Language Learning Strategy Kashefian-Naeeini, Nooreiny Maarof & Hadi Salehi (2011) Bolos (2012) Barr, Eslami & Joshi (2012) Cohen (2000) Ellis (1994) Classifications of LLS Rubin (1987) Oxford (1990) O’Malley et al. (1985) Ellis and Sinclair (1989) Cohen (2000)

5 Training Models Pearson and Dole (1987) Oxford (1990) Chamot and O’Malley’s (1999 & 2005) Cohen (1998) Grenfell and Harris (1999)

Previous studies on LLS Siti Zawiyah Isa (2012) Kashefian-Naeeini, Nooreiny Maarof & Hadi Salehi (2011) Khamkhien (2010) Melor Md Yunus, Nur Ainil Sulaiman & Mohammed Amin Embi (2013) Ahmad Ashaari Alias, Nor Ashikin, Johana Yusof, Ambigapathy Pandiana’s (2012) Qasimnejad and Hemmati (2014) Abedini, Rahimi & Zare-ee (2011)

CHAPTER 3 – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research Design descriptive research design Population 95 students from a Community College in Sabak Bernam, Selangor currently taking Communicative English (semester 1), Social English (semester 2 and 3) or Workplace English (semester 4)

Sample Purposive sampling was chosen for this study. Krejcie and Morgan (1970)

Research Instrument Questionnaire adapted from Cohen, Oxford & Chi (2005) for the strategies of listening, speaking, reading, writing, and vocabulary. strategies for grammar was adopted from Briewin, Naidu & Mohamed Amin Embi (2013).

Data collection procedures collected from 76 respondents using the self-report Language Strategy Use Inventory questionnaire given an hour to respond Method of analysis Descriptive Frequency - research question 1 which is to determine the language strategy employed by the students. t-test analysis using SPSS was generated to answer research question 2 which is to identify if there is a significant difference in the use of LLS between male and female students (gender). Spearman rho was used to answer research question 3 which is to determine the relationship in the use of LLS among the students with different English language proficiency. Significance levels were set at p<.05.