Chapter 1, Section 3 (1.3) The Byzantine Empire

The center of the Roman Empire was the city of Rome (in Italy today) How far did the Roman Empire extend and what countries exist there today? The center of the Roman Empire was the city of Rome (in Italy today) Rome extended east to Turkey, Syria and Israel Rome extended west to the end of the continent Rome extended north to the Rhine river and south to the top of Africa.

Why wasn’t Rome able to maintain its large borders? Germanic tribes: tribes that lived along the northern borders of the Roman empire territory (land owned by a country) was slowly lost to these groups because of war. Rome could not supply enough army to protect all of Rome, because they chose not to pay the army. In fact Rome started hiring Germanic tribes to guard the borders…which is silly!

The Eastern Roman Empire continued to flourish! How was the new Byzantine capital and empire created after the fall of Rome? Roman emperor Constantine moved the Roman capitol to Constantinople before the fall of Rome. After Constantine’s death Roman Emperor Theodosius split the empire in two parts. Last week we learned that the Western Roman Empire fell to the Germanic Tribes. The Eastern Roman Empire continued to flourish!

The capitol of Constantinople was a great city. How was the new Byzantine capital and empire created after the fall of Rome? The capitol of Constantinople was a great city. It was located on two seas -The Aegean Sea and the Black Sea -It was on an important trade route between Asia and Europe -very rich -easy to keep safe -mixture of cultures (Greek language, Roman architecture, Persian art)

After the fall of Rome two churches emerged: to come forward into view How are the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox religions the same and different? After the fall of Rome two churches emerged: to come forward into view 1. Roman Catholic Church (west) -Pope in charge 2. Eastern Orthodox Church (east) -Patriarch in charge Both are Christian (believe in the Bible and Jesus) They had many arguments

The patriarch (living in the east) disagreed How are the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox religions the same and different? The Pope: person who is in charge of the Roman Catholic Church, (living in the west) thought he was in charge of both religions The patriarch (living in the east) disagreed The churches didn’t help each other out Byzantines believed the emperor should be above the church, the Pope would not agree The religion split into two separate religions with similar beliefs but different organization.

-mass is in ancient languages like Latin -Easter is on a different day How are the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox religions the same and different? Eastern Orthodox: -mass is 3 hours -mass is in ancient languages like Latin -Easter is on a different day -Use icons to worship to Roman Catholic: -mass is 1 hour -mass is in a normal language -celebrate the traditional holidays -pray without icons