Model Lesson 2 Overview The Creation of Political Parties

Divide up the columns of the lesson overview (1 column per person or one section per person). Take a minute to review your column. Share out with your team. Divide up the columns of the lesson overview (1 column per person or one section per person). Take a minute to review your column. Share out with your team.

Day One: Hamilton and Jefferson

Day 1: Spectrum Debate

Hook/Spectrum Debate You will be asked to take a position on an issue. Arrange yourselves either pro or con. You may change sides if you hear compelling arguments. Use sentence starters for debating (EL strategy).

Controversial Issue The United States Congress was right to vote to support the recent bailout package designed to help financial institutions and insurance companies.

Sentence Starters

Debate Debrief Questions: Why did you choose the side you did? Would you change sides if you were a student? Would you change your position if your were alone in the room? Help students understand that political parties form around ideas.

Table Group Brainstorm What are some debate topics that would polarize your students (without causing pandemonium)?

The Prompt Who had the better ideas, Thomas Jefferson or Alexander Hamilton? Present three ideas and show how those ideas are superior to the ideas of the opposing person.

Background Reading: Hamilton Title Vocabulary Support Graphic Organizer Headings Terms in Bold

Background Reading: Jefferson In groups of four, jigsaw the reading of Documents 1 or 2 with each member of the group assigned one of the following areas: Personal Background View of Human Nature Best Form of Government Ideal Economy In groups of four, jigsaw the reading of Documents 1 or 2 with each member of the group assigned one of the following areas: Personal Background View of Human Nature Best Form of Government Ideal Economy

Student Handouts 3 and 4 Fill in your appropriate section of Student Handouts 3 or 4 with at least three important details and then share with your group.

Day Two: Hamilton and Jefferson

Day Two: Poster Creation Each Group is to create a poster based on reading Purpose is to represent the background and ideas of Hamilton or Jefferson. The poster should include the following: A title with the name of their individual and topic Three important details representing the views of their individual A visual representing the ideas/views of their individual Students participate in a gallery walk in which they read the other groups’ posters to obtain information needed to complete reading notes.

Day Two: Gallery Walk When the poster is finished, have students post them around the room. Students then view the poster gathering information that they need to complete all sections of Student Handouts 3 and 4. Debrief the Gallery Walk with the students and do a quick check for understanding.

Day Two: Citation Complete Student Handout 5 to practice citation.

Day Three: Hamilton and Jefferson

Who Is The Speaker? “It is not by the consolidation of, or concentration of powers, but by their distribution, that good government is effected.” “Power over a man’s subsistence is power over his will.” - Thomas Jefferson - Alexander Hamilton

How Did You Determine The Speaker? Context Inference Identification of positions

Day Three: Who is the Speaker In partners complete Document 3 being certain to answer the following : What is the main idea of the quotation? Who is the speaker? How did you determine who the speaker is? In partners complete Document 3 being certain to answer the following : What is the main idea of the quotation? Who is the speaker? How did you determine who the speaker is?

Who Is The Speaker? “Those who labor in the earth are the chosen people of God…” -Thomas Jefferson

Who Is The Speaker? “All communities divide themselves into the few and the many. The first are the rich and well born, the other the mass of the people…” -Alexander Hamilton

Who Is The Speaker? “It is not by the consolidation, or concentration of powers, but by their distribution, that good government is effected.” -Thomas Jefferson

Who Is The Speaker? “Laws are made for men of ordinary understanding and should, therefore, be construed by the ordinary rules of common sense.” -Thomas Jefferson

Who Is The Speaker? “A fondness for power is implanted, in most men, and it is natural to abuse it, when acquired.” -Alexander Hamilton

Who Is The Speaker? “A national debt, if it is not excessive, will be to us a national blessing.” -Alexander Hamilton

Who Is The Speaker? “America is now, I think, the only country of tranquility and should be the asylum of all those who wish to avoid the scenes which have crushed our friends in [other lands].” -Thomas Jefferson

Who Is The Speaker? “I sincerely believe…that banking establishments are more dangerous than standing armies, and that the principle of spending money to be paid by posterity under the name of funding is but swindling futurity on a large scale.” -Thomas Jefferson

Who Is The Speaker? “Power over a man’s subsistence is power over his will.” -Alexander Hamilton

Who Is The Speaker? “The ancient democracies in which the people themselves deliberated never possessed one good feature of government. Their very character was tyranny; their figure deformity.” -Alexander Hamilton

Day Four: Hamilton and Jefferson

Day Four: Writing

The Prompt Who had the better ideas, Thomas Jefferson or Alexander Hamilton? Present three ideas and show how those ideas are superior to the ideas of the opposing person.

Student Handout 6 Review Student Handout 6 with students. Have them consider the prompt and task at hand. Remind them of key terms and suggested vocabulary.

Comparing Hamilton and Jefferson Hamilton Jefferson

Differences between the First Political Parties Federalists Leader: Alexander Hamilton Favored: Rule by the wealthy class Strong federal government Emphasis on manufacturing Loose interpretation of the Constitution Democratic-Republicans Leader: Thomas Jefferson Favored: Rule by the people Strong state governments Emphasis on agriculture Strict interpretation of the Constitution

The Elastic Clause Article One, Section Eight, United States Constitution To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.

Loose Construction Stretching the powers of the federal government to address particular needs or concerns.

Strict Construction A narrow view of the powers of the federal government—if it is not explicitly stated in the constitution, then it can not be done.

The National Bank What would a loose constructionist say? What would a strict constructionist say? What would Alexander Hamilton say? What would Thomas Jefferson say?

Do you think more like Hamilton or Jefferson? Look again at the quotations, background reading and text. With whom do you most agree, Hamilton or Jefferson? Select to write from the point of view of either Hamilton or Jefferson. Cite quotations, background reading, and text as possible evidence (both positively and negatively).

How Will We Cite? As a class or through teacher direction choose a common citation method for the assignment, e.g., (Personal Background, Hamilton), (Quote #3), (Textbook, p. ), etc.

Student Handout 7