Westward Expansion and the Industrial Revolution

Daniel Boone  One of the earliest and best known American pioneers to go west across the Appalachians  A pioneer is a person who first settles a new place

Daniel Boone was trying to find a way to Kentucky. He found a way through the Appalachian Mountains called the Cumberland Gap. As pioneers began to settle in Kentucky, a developer hired Daniel Boone to clear a road to get there. He cut down trees and bushes to make a way for wagons to travel. This path became know as Wilderness Road. Daniel Boone was trying to find a way to Kentucky. He found a way through the Appalachian Mountains called the Cumberland Gap. As pioneers began to settle in Kentucky, a developer hired Daniel Boone to clear a road to get there. He cut down trees and bushes to make a way for wagons to travel. This path became know as Wilderness Road.

The Louisiana Purchase  As pioneers settled west, one of the largest land sales in history took place.  Thomas Jefferson wanted to expand U.S. territory.  Spain took over Louisiana after France lost territory during French and Indian War.  France gave territory to Spain to keep the British from getting control. Jefferson learned that Spain had secretly given Louisiana back to France.  Spain closed the port of New Orleans to western farmers hoping to keep U.S. from moving west.

JJJJefferson made an offer to Napoleon Bonapart to sell part of Louisiana for $10 million. FFFFrance was at war with two other countries and needed money. NNNNapoleon sold all of Louisiana to United States for $15 million. TTTThis purchase doubled the size of the United States.

Meriwether Lewis  Jefferson asked Meriwether Lewis to explore the new land.  Lewis was a pathfinder, someone who finds a way through unknown region.

William Clark  Lewis chose William Clark to go with him on his expedition.  Clark was a cartographer who could map out their travels.  Clark’s slave, York, helped with the mission by hunting and fishing.

Sacagawea  Lewis and Clark hired a fur trader to translate Indian languages.  His wife, Sacagawea, agreed to be a translator between Lewis and Clark and the Shoshones.  Sacagawea was able to get horses for Lewis and Clark to cross the Rocky Mountains.  Because of this, Lewis and Clark reached the Pacific Ocean.

 The Native Americans were not happy about the settlers invading their land.  Tecumseh was a Native American who worked to unite the Indian tribes against the United States.

 The Americans in the West believed that Britain was giving guns to the Indians and talking against American settlers.  The people in the South were upset with Britain because they were stopping American ships at sea to keep Americans from trading with Europe.  People in the West and South called on the U.S. government to declare war on Britain. This was…..

The War of 1812 AmericaVS.Britain(AGAIN)

 During the Battle at Ft. McHenry, Francis Scott Key was trapped on a boat.  He watched the attack from the water and wrote a poem about the experience.  This poem was later put to music and is now our National Anthem. It is….

The Star Spangled Banner This is the real flag that flew over Fort Mc Henry

Results of the War NNNNeither side clearly won the war. AAAAmericans were proud that the U.S. had proved themselves equal to a great European nation. TTTThe United States also acquired Florida from Spain after the war.

As the United States continued to grow, people were changing the way they lived, worked, and traveled. This time was known as the Industrial Revolution

Changes to Manufacturing  In order to be able to produce more products to sell, Eli Whitney started the idea of mass production and made interchangeable parts.  Mass production was a new way of manufacturing that could produce large amounts of goods at one time.  Interchangeable parts were parts that were identical so you can switch one part for another in case something breaks.

Erie Canal  With so many new factories being built, the people were realizing there was not a good way to transport all of the goods.  The Erie Canal was built to transport products from factories to the people in the West and farm products to the people in the East.

Steamboats and Railroads  The National Railroad was begun in  Robert Fulton made a steamboat, the Clermont, which went up the Hudson River.

Westward Expansion Continues  Spain owned all of Texas and Mexico until 1821 when Mexico won its independence from Spain. Texas now belonged to Mexico.  Americans began to settle and work in Texas. This was good for their economy, so the Mexican government left them alone.  The more Americans that settled in Texas, the more worried the Mexican government became.  The Mexican government said that no more American settlers could come to Texas and those who were already there had to obey the laws and pay more taxes.

The Alamo General Santa Anna became the dictator of Mexico. A huge Mexican army headed to San Antonio to attack the Mexicans and Americans living in Texas. An old mission church became the Texans shelter in their fight for freedom. The Texans were killed at the Alamo. During the attack, Texas leaders met and declared Texas independent from Mexico.

Republic of Texas  After the fall of the Alamo, the Texas Army took the Mexicans by surprise at the Battle of San Jacinto and captured Santa Anna. They agreed to let him go in return for Texas’s independence.  Santa Anna agreed.  Texas remained an independent republic until it became a state of the United States in 1845.

The Oregon Country  Christian missionaries were heading west to teach Christianity to the Indians.  Once they got there, they wrote letters to the people back East describing the beautiful new land they had discovered.  A large group of pioneers headed for Oregon.  The route they took became known as the Oregon trail.

War with Mexico  President Polk wanted to see the United States reach the Pacific Ocean.  Polk sent soldiers into lands in southern Texas that were disputed between the U.S. and Mexico.  Once the Mexicans attacked the troops, Polk asked Congress to declare war on Mexico.  U.S. invaded Mexico by sea. After a year of fighting, the war was over. Mexico and the United States signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.  The United States now owned the land that is the United States we know today.

The Gold Rush  In 1848, James Marshall and his workers were building a waterwheel for a new sawmill near Sacramento.  Something in the water glittered, and Marshall picked it up.  It was GOLD!  Less than a year later, more than 80,000 gold seekers came to California.  They were called the forty-niners because they arrived in the year 1849.

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