200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 Terminology Volcanoes Wildcard I Wildcard II Wildcard.

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Presentation transcript:

Terminology Volcanoes Wildcard I Wildcard II Wildcard III

A large, usually circular depression at the summit of a volcano formed when magma is withdrawn or erupted from a shallow underground magma reservoir and collapses in on itself.

What is a caldera?

Areas of volcanic activity that results from plumes of hot solid material that rises from deep in the mantle/asthenosphere

What are hot spots/intraplate volcanoes?

Stratovolcanoes that develop in a general line parallel to convergent plate boundaries

What are volcanic arcs?

The resistance of a material to flow.

What is viscosity?

A fast moving mudflow from an eruption when hot ash is mixed with snow and ice on the mountain

What is a lahar?

An opening in Earth’s surface that often forms a mountain when layers of lava and tephra erupt and build up

What is a volcano?

a circular depression in the ground caused by volcanic activity

What is a crater?

DAILY DOUBLE!!!

The area around the Pacific Plate where earthquakes and volcanoes are common

What is the Pacific Ring of Fire?

Area in Earth’s mantle that is hotter than surrounding areas, forming melted rock which rises toward the crust

What is a hot spot?

Type of magma that contains very little silica is very fluid and produces quiet, non- explosive eruptions

What is basaltic?

Two ways magma is formed.

What are plumes of molten rock from the mantle and melted oceanic crust at subduction zones?

Place where the Earth's crust and lithosphere are being pulled apart (divergent plate boundary)

What is a rift?

Volcanic island before it breaks the surface of the water

What is a seamount?

High temperature basaltic lava with smooth, ropelike surfaces.

What is pahoehoe?

Cooler basaltic lava which moves slowly with rough jagged edges

What is aa?

Lava that cools under water with a distinctive shape

What is pillow lava?

DAILY DOUBLE!!!!

Three clues that volcano is going to erupt.

What are seismology, ground deformation and gas content of the magma?

Reason Iceland/Azore Islands were formed different than the Hawaiian Islands.

What is one was formed at a divergent boundary and the other was formed from a hot spot?

Largest active volcano in the world.

What is Mauna Loa?

The rigid upper mantle layer that is ~100 km thick

What is the lithosphere?

Seismic sea waves

What are tsunamis?

Chemical usually dispersed as a gas in a volcanic eruption that can spread around the world.

What is SO 2 – sulfur dioxide?

Plastic-like layer below the lithosphere.

What is the asthenosphere?

Name of the newly forming Hawaiian seamount

What is Loihi?

Four major layers of the Earth

What are inner core, outer core, mantle and crust?