Igneous Rock Review What is an igneous rock? A rock with large crystals formed where? A rock with large crystals is called? What is an extrusive rock? How can you usually tell graniticfrocks from basaltic rocks? What is the major difference between granitic and basaltic rocks?

1.Read over notes and fill in all the blanks you can. 2.Write “Sedimentary Rock Notes” in your table of contents. 3.Fold notes in half 4.Attach this set of notes to your notebook.

Sedimentary Rocks

1.Rocks formed from bits and pieces of other rocks, minerals and/or organic matter that are deposited in water.

Sediments Rock fragments, organic remains or dissolved minerals that have been transported by wind, water, or glaciers. Examples: –rock fragments (mud, sand, and pebbles) –mineral grains from mineral rich water (i.e. salt) –plant remains –animal shells and bones

Types of Sedimentary Rocks Based on the sediment it formed from. 1.Clastic - Made up of fragments of other rock. 2.Chemical - Made up of dissolved minerals 3.Organic - Made from the remains of plants or animals.

Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Made from bits and pieces of other rocks. Process of Formation: 1. Weathering- Break up of rocks 2. Erosion- Movement of sediments by W,W, I 3. Deposition: Collection of sediments in place 4. Compaction: Press sediments together 5. Cementation: Glue sediments together

Shape & Size of Sediments Clay- very fine, like flour. Flat Silt- fine but gritty Sand- < 2 mm Gravel- > 2 mm to boulder size

Examples of Clastic Rocks Sandstone: made of sand

Examples of Clastic Rocks Shale - made of mud

Examples of Clastic Rocks Conglomerate- made of pebbles, sand & mud

Chemical Sedimentary Rocks Made from minerals that have dissolved in water. Process of Formation: Evaporation: Water evaporates and leaves the minerals as a solid: ( Ex. Water spots on the mirror.) Precipitation: Dissolved minerals change to a solid due to over saturation and fall to the bottom.

Examples of Chemical Rocks Limestone-Precipitation of Calcite

Examples of Chemical Rocks Halite or Rock Salt-Evaporation of Sea Water

Organic Sedimentary Rocks Made from once living things such as plants or shells. Process of Formation Plants are compressed together Shells are cemented together by minerals

Examples of Organic Rocks Coquina-made from Shells.

Examples of Organic Rocks Shell Limestone-made from shells and calcite

Examples of Organic Rocks Peat / Coal - made from plants

Todays Goal Tell the Geologic History of these rocks.

Where do Sedimentary Rocks Form ? Formation is based on where the sediments collect. It also tells us the history of the area when the sediments were being deposited.

Copy this table into your notebook EnvironmentSedimentRock Swamp Shallow Sea / Coral Reef Beach Deep Ocean / Far from shore

Where do Sedimentary Rocks Form?

Sedimentary Environments Coal Swamp

What sediments would collect in a swamp? Dead Plants

What rocks would form in a swamp? Coal

Sedimentary Environments Shallow Sea/Coral Reef

What sediments would collect in a Shallow Sea/Coral Reef? Shells

What rocks would form in a Shallow Sea/Coral Reef? Shell limestone Coquina

Deposition of Clastic Sediments

Sedimentary Environments Beach

What sediments would collect at a beach? Sand Pebbles, Sand and Mud

What rocks would form at a beach? Sandstone Conglomerate

Sedimentary Environments Deep Ocean/Far from Shore

What sediments would collect in a Deep Ocean/Far from Shore? Mud

What rocks would form in a Deep Ocean/Far from Shore? Shale

Check your answers EnvironmentSedimentRock SwampDead PlantsCoal Shallow Sea / Coral Reef ShellsCoquina / Shell Limestone BeachSand, mud/sand/pebbles Sandstone / Conglomerate Deep Ocean / Far from shore MudShale

Note Wrap Up Write 2 or 3 basic questions that can be answered from the notes. Write 1 higher order, more open, creative question. A question that can not be answered by the notes. Now take 2 minutes to write a 4 to 5 sentence summary of the notes.