K . J . INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (064) SAVLI-391 770,DIST.VADODARA www.kjit.org (K.J.I.T.) Subject Name :- Material Science & Metallurgy Subject Code :- 2131904 Branch & Semester :- Mechanical-B (3rd Semester) Enrollment No. :- 130640119104 130640119080 130640119090 Name:- SAIYED MOHAMMADAMIL AKHTARHUSEN PATEL JIGAR NAVINBHAI PATEL RUSHI DILIPBHAI Faculty:- SUMETH DAYAL SIR & RONAK SIR

Steel Types Properties Applications

Steel Steel is not a specific product or metal. It is essentially an alloy of iron & carbon in which carbon content varies from 0.008% to2%. It is thus a ferrous alloy which can be studied primarily by referring to iron-iron carbide diagram. The amount of carbon in steel has a remarkable effect on the properties. There are many different steels extensively used in industries.

Types of Steels On the basis of composition ,steels may be broadly classified as: 1.Plain carbon steels 2.Alloy steels

1.Plain carbon steels The primary constituents of plain carbon steel are iron & carbon. These steels are relatively low cost steels. They are not deep hardenable. Poor corrosion resistance. Poor impact strength at low temperature.

Classification of plain carbon steels: 1.Low carbon steels. 2.Medium carbon steels. 3.High carbon steels.

1.Low carbon steels: Low carbon steels contain less than 0.3%carbon. They are also called Mild steels. Properties: They possess good formability and excellent weldability. Application: Their application include nails, rivet, nuts, bolts, ship-plates, wheel hubs, cams, shafts, pipelines.etc

2.Medium carbon steels: Medium carbon steels contains 0.3% to 0.6% carbon. Properties: It should be noted that strength of these steels can be improved only at the cost of ductility & toughness. Applications: Some typical applications of medium carbon steel include gears, axels,levers,cams,bolts,sockets,cylinder liners,hand tools.etc

3.High carbon steels: High carbon steels contain carbon from 0.6% to 2%. Properties: They are the hardest & the strongest amongst plain carbon steels but least ductile. They have good wear resistance. Applications: The typical applications of High carbon steels include lock washers,valve springs,cutting tools,dies,hammers,tapes,milling cutters.

2.ALLOY STEELS: The elements added are called alloying elements& the steels thus produced are called alloy steels. Properties: Better resistance to wear & abration. Higher hardenability&impact strength. High resistance to grain growth. Applications: They are used for manufacturing components subjected to static & dynamic loads.

Classification of Alloy steels: 1.Low alloy steels: up to 5% alloying elements. 2.Medium alloy steels: Between 5% to 10% alloying elements. 3.High alloy steels: More than 10% alloying elements.

Alloy Steels Special application: 1.Structural steels: They are used for structural members in bridges,buildings,rail road,cars,etc. 2.Free cutting steels: High Machinability and high qulity surface finish. These steels are used where free machining is the primary requirement.

3.Stainless steels: They have excellent corrosion& oxidation resistance. They are high alloy steels. 4.High speed steels: These steels are most suitable for manufacturing of cutting tools which can be operated at high speeds.

5.Spring steels: They are used either in cold rolled condition or after heat treatment. 6.High sterength low alloy steels: These are widely used in construction of ships,bridges,automobiles body,etc. 7.Bearing steels: These steels are used for spindles,cold forming rolls&hardened machine parts.

8.Creep resisting steels: These steels are used in thermal power plants,pressure vessels,super heater tubes,etc. 9.Heat resisting steels: Important application includes heating coils in ovens &furnaces,jet engines. 10.Maraging steels: They are used for low carbon steels.

11.Hadfield manganese steel: They are used in excavating and crushing machinery,as rail road crossing,etc. 12.weldable steels: High strength weldable steels require high resistance.these are obtained by addition of copper & vanadiam. 13.Rail steels: Good combination of strength & ductility along with high impact.

14.Concrete reinforcing steel: High tensile strength & high yeild point. 15.Silicone steel: 0.10%c,0.60%Mn,1%si. 16.Nickel steel: It contain 0.35%c&3.5%Ni. 17.Chrome Nickel steel: It contain 0.35%C,1.25%Ni,0.60%Cr. 18.Molybdenum steel: It contain 0.35%C,&0.76%M.

Silicone steel Molybdenum steel

19.Chrome steel: It contains 0.36%C,0.57%Cr. 20.Manganese steel: It contains 1.6-1.9%Manganese,0.18-1.48%carbon,0.2-0.35%silicon,and 0.040% sulphur and phosphorous.

TOOL STEEL Properties: Slight change of form during hardening. Good toughness. Good wear resistance. Very good machinability. Application: Inexpensive taps, drills,reamers,chasers.

Classification of tool steels : 1.W-High speed steel. (0.7%c,4%Cr,1%V,) 2.Mo-High speed steel. (0.8%C,4%Cr,1%V,1%w) 3.HighC,high Cr steel. (1.5%C,12%Cr,1%Mo) 4.Air hardening steel. (1%C,5%Cr,1%Mo)

5.Oil hardening steel. (0.5%C,5%Cr,1.5%Ni,1%V) 6.Water hardening steel. (0.6-1.4%C,0.25%V) 7.Hot work steel. (0.4%C,3.25%Cr,0.4%V,0.25%Mo) 8.Shock resistance steel. (0.5%C,1.5%Cr,2.5%w).

Video: Alloy steel flat bars

Video: Classification of Plain carbon steels

Video Reference Links http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=steel+types+properties+and+applications http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x0APtfb15tw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=liu9OjnoZbc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3dmLCcCOc-0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B9okBTLJVKc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9l7JqonyoKA http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CnoVCGx01Tk&list=PL9A090CB69EA83224

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