Review of Useful Definitions Statistical multiplexing is a method of sharing a link among transmissions. When computers use store-and-forward packet switching, they use a given link only when they send a packet. As a result, the same links can be used efficiently by a large number of intermittent transmissions. The capacity of the outgoing link may be smaller than the sum of the incoming channel capacities. The ratio of the total incoming capacity to the outgoing capacity is called the multiplexing gain.

Network throughput is the rate of successful message delivery over a communication channel. The data these messages belong to may be delivered over a physical link, or it can pass through a certain network node. Throughput is usually measured in bits per second (bit/s or bps), and sometimes in data packets per second (p/s or pps) or data packets per time slot.network nodebits per seconddata packetstime slot The system throughput or aggregate throughput is the sum of the data rates that are delivered to all terminals in a network. Throughput is essentially synonymous to digital bandwidth consumption; it can be analyzed mathematically by applying the queueing theory, where the load in packets per time unit is denoted as the arrival rate (λ), and the throughput, in packets per time unit, is denoted as the departure rate (μ). digital bandwidth consumptionqueueing theory

Bandwidth is the bit-rate of available or consumed information capacity expressed typically in metric multiples of bits per second. Variously, bandwidth may be characterized as network bandwidth, data bandwidth, or digital bandwidth (frequency band in Hertz).

The variable X can take on the values 0, 1, or 2. In this example, X is a random variable; because its value is determined by the outcome of a statistical experiment. A probability distribution is a table or an equation that links each outcome of a statistical experiment with its probability of occurrence. Probability Distribution is often useful to determine a reasonable distributional model for data traffic.