SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES STD’S

FACTS ABOUT STD 65 million people in US with STD’s 19 million new cases each year 1/2 of cases in people years of age Cervical cancer linked to HPV 1 in 4 Americans have genital herpes 15% of infertile American women— because of damage by untreated STD 12% of infertile American men—because of damage by untreated STD

CHLAMYDIA FACTS Caused by bacterium Most common bacterial STD in U.S year olds have highest rates Can be cured with antibiotics Asymptomatic: this means no symptoms while still having disease

CHLAMYDIA HOW DO YOU GET IT? Unprotected sex or oral sex with infected person

CHLAMYDIA SYMPTOMS Most people have no symptoms. Pain or burning sensation during urination Vaginal discharge (fluid, mucus) Lower abdominal pain

CHLAMYDIA COMPLICATIONS Can spread in reproductive organs

Can cause scarring and inflammation of fallopian tubes— PID(Pelvic Inflammatory Disease) Can cause infertility and chronic pelvic pain Increased risk of tubal pregnancy In men—epididymitis—causes sterility

TREATMENT Treated and cured with certain antibiotics

PREVENTION Use of latex condoms No sex with infected persons

GONORRHEA FACTS Caused by bacterium Second most common STD year olds in U.S. have highest rate Can be cured with antibiotics

GONORRHEA HOW DO YOU GET IT? Unprotected sex with infected person A pregnant woman can pass it to her newborn baby during childbirth.

GONORRHEA SYMPTOMS Many people have no symptoms May hurt or burn during urination Men—testicular pain, urethral discharge

GONORRHEA COMPLICATIONS Can spread in reproductive organs Untreated—can cause scarring and inflammation of fallopian tubes— PID(Pelvic Inflammatory Disease)

Infertility and chronic pelvic pain Increased risk of tubal pregnancy Untreated—infection of testicles— epididymitis—causes sterility Baby born to mother with gonorrhea—infection that causes blindness

GONORRHEA TREATMENT Treated and cured with certain antibiotics

GONORRHEA PREVENTION Use of latex condoms No sex with infected persons

SYPHILIS FACTS Caused by bacterium Can be cured with penicillin

SYPHILIS HOW DO YOU GET IT? Unprotected sex with infected person

SYPHILIS SYMPTOMS 1 st stage (primary): symptoms show up weeks after sex: painless reddish brown sore(s) on the mouth, sex organs, breast or fingers: sore lasts 1-5 weeks.

SYPHILIS SYMPTOMS 2 nd stage(secondary): 1 week-6months after sore heals: rash anywhere on the body; flulike feelings

SYPHILIS COMPLICATIONS 3rd Stage (tertiary)-blindness, paralysis, mental illness, heart disease & death damages organs

SYPHILIS TREATMENT Penicillin

SYPHILIS PREVENTION Use of latex condoms No sex

HERPES FACTS Caused by virus Two types— around the mouth or around the genitals About 1 in 4 have genital herpes Can be treated but not cured

HERPES HOW DO YOU GET IT? Sex with infected person Sores are infectious

HERPES SYMPTOMS Small, painful blisters 50% experience no symptoms—but contagious

HERPES COMPLICATIONS Blisters and sores may become infected Eye infections Babies—at risk for brain and lung inflammation—blood clot problems

HERPES TREATMENT No cure Medicines to reduce pain and length of outbreaks

HERPES PREVENTION No sex with infected persons Latex condoms may offer some protection

HPV FACTS Caused by virus—Human Papiloma Virus Some types cause genital warts Other types lead to cancer—cervix, penis,anus, throat Most common viral STD—at least 50% of sexually active people have it and don’t know it Peak age of onset is 16-25

HPV FACTS Continued--- Can be treated but not cured Warts require creams, chemicals, freezing, surgery Vaccine is now available to females and males ages 12-26

HPV HOW DO YOU GET IT? Passed through skin-to-skin contact with infected areas but can occur whether or not warts are present. Possible to pass to infant during childbirth

HPV TREATMENT No cure vaccine available—for females and males Body’s own immune system may cure it—some people, virus in body forever Visible warts should be removed— reduce chance of spreading to others

HPV PREVENTION No sex with infected persons Latex condoms may offer some protection—but no guarantee Vaccine—for females and males

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) FACTS Caused by virus Can have it in your body for many years and not have symptoms

HIV HOW DO YOU GET IT? Sex with infected person Sharing needles Passed to baby during birth Blood transfusions

HIV SYMPTOMS Flu-like symptoms Night sweats, fevers, weight loss, diarrhea, swollen lymph nodes, thrush Symptoms continue to get worse

HIV COMPLICATIONS Slowly destroys immune system Cancer pneumonia

HIV TREATMENT No cure Medicines to help prolong life and slow progression of disease

HIV PREVENTION No sex with infected persons Use of latex condoms

HEPATITIS B FACTS Caused by virus Can live outside body on surfaces for up to 10 days Highly infectious—100 times more infectious than HIV Lives in the liver Responsible for 80% of liver cancers Kills people each year

HEPATITIS B HOW DO YOU GET IT? Sex with infected person Sharing needles Sharing razor blades or toothbrushes Babies born to infected mothers

HEPATITIS B SYMPTOMS Flu-like symptoms Acute—jaundice, dark urine, loss of appetite, stomach pain, extreme itching

HEPATITIS B COMPLICATIONS Death from liver failure Cirrhosis of the liver Liver cancer

HEPATITIS B TREATMENT Rest Low protein diet Liver transplant for liver failure Recovery from cirrhosis or liver cancer is rare Some drug therapies but seldom effective

HEPATITIS B PREVENTION Immunization No sex with infected persons Use of latex condoms Not sharing needles, razors, or toothbrushes

COMMON STD SIGNS/SYMPTOMS Itching Discharge Pain during urination Sores/blisters/warts in genital area Swollen glands, fever, body aches Unusual infections, unexplained fatigue, night sweats, weight loss

KEYS TO PREVENTION Abstinence Use of latex condoms Vaccination when available