Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 MYP Title: Tearing Down to Build Up Unit Question: How does environment shape belief? Concept Statement: Environment shapes culture and beliefs Key Concept: Time, Place, and Space Section 2: Causes of the Civil War Major Historical Figures – Sec 2 1. Henry Clay – Democrat, Congressman, created Missouri Compromise and Compromise of Daniel Webster – Whig, Congressman, created Missouri Compromise and Compromise of Dred Scott – Slave that sued Supreme Court for he and his Families freedom 4. David Wilmot – Congressman who created the Wilmot Proviso 5. Abraham Lincoln – 16 th President of the USA

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War Maps For Unit 3- World Map

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War Maps For Unit 3- East Coast of America

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War Section Question (Argumentative): What two evens do you feel were the most important in making the Civil War happen? You will need two events, (fact) explaining what happened. Then two reasons why your choices are the most important. (NEW) You will need a counterargument – which other event could have been in the top two and rebuttal – why it still is only number three. How did we get to this?

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the Missouri Compromise lead the US toward the Civil War? In 1820 Missouri asked to be made into a state The Northern States said, they would only vote for Missouri to be a state if it came in under the rules of the North West Ordinance – (No Slaves) The Southern States said “No” because this would give the Northern states a majority vote in the Senate of the US Congress Henry Clay (Southern Democrat – War Hawk) created a compromise with support from Daniel Webster (New England – Whig) Let Missouri in as a slave state and Maine in as a no slave state – keep the status quo in the US Senate 1.To keep the problem from happening again they made the Missouri Compromise Line at 36’-30’

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the Missouri Compromise lead the US toward the Civil War? All new territory below this line could have slaves, any above could not

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the Missouri Compromise lead the US toward the Civil War? How did winning the Mexican-American War lead to America being in the Civil War? While this postponed the problems between North and South, it really defined them as separate regions (Sectionalism), making it easier for them to go to war with each other II.The Mexican American war gained the US a lot of new territory – The North and South were torn apart as they fought over how this new territory would be used; Agriculture and slaves or Industry and free soil farming (No slaves)

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did winning the Mexican-American War lead to America being in the Civil War? What was the Free-Soil Party? A.The Wilmot Proviso was an amendment that Northern Congress tried to pass: 1It said that all new states created from territory that had belonged to Mexico could not have slaves ever! 2The South blocked the law in the Senate but feared that if the North ever gained control of the Senate, they would pass the law III.The Free-Soil Party was a new political party that formed in the west A.They were small farmers that didn’t want slavery to move into the west – Not because they were Abolitionist, but because they didn’t want competition from plantations and slaves Congressman David Wilmot of Pennsylvania

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War What was the Free-Soil Party? How did the Compromise of 1850 led the US to the Civil War? This cost the Democrats votes in the west from farmers – traditional Democrats In 1850 California allied for Statehood The problem was the Missouri Compromise Line cuts California in half – So slavery was again an issue Again Clay and Webster create a compromise California will be free – No Slaves All the New Mexico Territory can have slaves

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the Compromise of 1850 led the US to the Civil War? Any new territory that wanted statehood would vote on slavery themselves – Popular Sovereignty Stronger Fugitive Slave Laws – The South was happy because now any escaped slave found in the North could be captured and returned to slavery Anyone helping a runaway slave could be arrested These laws were aimed at stopping the Underground Railroad – Canada became the only safe place for escaped slaves

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the Civil War start early in “Bleeding” Kanas? The US wanted to build a transcontinental railroad through Kansas and Nebraska so they needed to become states, the Kansas- Nebraska Act Because of the Compromise 1850 the citizens of the two territories had to vote if they should have slaves Nebraska voted to be a Free State Transcontinental Railroad Coming Soon!

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the Civil War start early in “Bleeding” Kanas? This gave the North control of the Senate, the South needed to win Kansas as a Slave State Slave owners from Missouri came into Kansas to vote illegally and kill Abolitionist and Free-Soilers to keep them from voting It broke into open warfare between Missouri Raiders and Kansas abolitionist - a mini-war before the Civil War Kansas became a free state How does the cartoonist show the South getting votes for Slavery in Kansas? Lawrence Kansas, Missouri Raiders murder and burn

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the Dred Scott decision add to the anger between the North and South? Dred Scott and his family sued Missouri, then the Supreme Court for their freedom based on having lived in states (ILL & WIS) where slavery was illegal The Supreme Court ruled against Dred Scott saying that a slave owner’s right to property (5 th Amendment) was greater than a slaves right to Life and Liberty (Declaration of Independence) They also said no one of African American decent could claim citizenship Then they struck down the Missouri Compromise line say every state had the right to decide if they wanted Slaves – States Rights (10 th Amendment ) The decision outraged the North and open every state to the violence of Kansas

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the Dred Scott decision cause the Republican Party to form? The Dred Scott decision angered the Northern Whig Party and the Free-Soil party so much they united into the Republican Party They were committed to making slavery a Federal issue – (Elastic Clause) taking the choice away form the states(10 th Amendment) What is the Cartoonist saying about the Dred Scott Decision? What political party is he from?

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the election of 1860 drive the Southern States to seceding from the US and start the Civil War? The Republicans ran Abraham Lincoln for the 16 th president of the United States Lincoln made several promises that scared the South if he was elected 1.to Pass the Wilmot Proviso 2.Enforce Federal Law on Southern States 3.Not allow any Southern States to seceded (leave) the United States There were still more Democratic party members than Republicans in the USA But the North and South D&R were split between two candidates Stephen Douglas (N) & John C. Beckinridge (S) The split allowed the Republicans to win and Lincoln to become the 16 th President of the US

Unit 4 – Social Reform, Civil War, and Reconstruction U4-U5 Section 2: Causes of the Civil War How did the election of 1860 drive the Southern States to seceding from the US and start the Civil War? Southern States feeling they would soon have no political power in the US began to secede from the union (form a new country – The Confederate States of America CSA How does the cartoonist illustrate the way that Lincoln won the election from the larger Democratic Party?