Animal Behavior Chapter 33

What is Behavior? Behavior: – A response to a stimulus Stimulus: – An environmental change that directly influences the activity of an organism Importance: – Behavior is an adaptive value to the organism, because natural selection favors certain behaviors

Innate Behavior Genetically inherited automatic response Behaviors that DO NOT have to be learned – Examples: Suckling Taxis in insects Migration Hibernation Estivation

Example Suckling maritimus/video-09b.html

Example Phototaxis in insects - insect movements away from or toward light

Example Migration – instinctive seasonal movements of animals from place to place

Example Hibernation – state of reduced metabolism occurring in animals that sleep during parts of cold winter months Estivation – state of reduced metabolism that occurs in animals living in conditions of intense heat.

Learned Behavior Occurs when the behavior changes through practice or experience Has survival value because it allows the animal to adapt to change in its environment

Learned Behavior Examples: – Habiatuation – Imprinting – Classical Conditioning – Trial and Error

Examples Habituation – learned behavior that occurs when an animal is repeatedly given a stimulus not associated with any punishment or reward. An animal becomes habituated when it finally ceases to respond to the stimulus

Example Imprinting – learned behavior in which an animal, at a specific critical time of its life, forms a social attachment to another object Usually occurs early in life and allows for an animal to recognize its mother.

Classical Conditioning Learning by association: Pavlov’s Dogs

Example Trial and Error – types of learning in which an animal receives a reward for making a particular response

Social Behavior – Behaviors between and among individuals within a population – Can be innate or learned Examples: – Communication » Courtship Dances » Territorial defense

Example Communication – is an exchange of information that results in a change of behavior. They may signal each other by sound, sights, touches or smells (pheromones)

Examples

Example Courtship Dances ail&mid=D221DCF7AD34ACEC1550D221DCF7AD34ACEC1550&first=0&FORM= LKVR10www.bing.com/videos/search?q=albatross+courtship+dance&view=det ail&mid=D221DCF7AD34ACEC1550D221DCF7AD34ACEC1550&first=0&FORM= LKVR10

Example Territorial Defense