General English Learning Talib M. Sharif Omer ASST. Lecturer April 2,

Outline Future tense ‘ will’ +’going to ’ Articles ‘ define and indefinite ‘’ There is – there are 2

Future tense form Simple Future forms Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two very different meanings.  FORM Will 3

Future tense form Will: [will + verb] Examples: You will help him later. Will you help him later? You will not help him later. 4

Will USE 1 "Will"  “Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something voluntarily.  Often, we use "will" to respond to someone else's complaint or request for help.  Similarly, we use "will not" or "won't" when we refuse to voluntarily do something. 5

Will Example: I will send you the information when I get it. I Will you help me move this heavy table? I will not do your homework for you. A: I'm really hungry. B: I'll make some sandwiches. 6

Will USE 2 "Will" to Express a Promise Examples: I will call you when I arrive. I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party. Don't worry, I'll be careful. 7

Going to + verb FORM Be Going To [am/is/are + going to + verb] Examples: You are going to meet Jane tonight. Are you going to call Jane tonight? 8

Story Going to the Zoo (going to future) Hi! My name is Hannah and I am nine years old. I am so excited! I am excited because tomorrow my daddy is going to take me to the zoo. I love the zoo! We are going to see snakes! The last time I went to the zoo I saw the cutest tiny green snake. I want to see more snakes! We are going to see the tigers. I am going to roar at the tigers! Can you roar like a tiger too? ! I am going to be a beautiful blue bird with a bright yellow beak! My song will be the most beautiful song ever! We are going to find the giraffes too. They have very long necks. We are going to have fun! I am so excited! 9

Going to + verb USE 3 "Be going to" to Express a Plan "Be going to" expresses that something is a plan. It expresses the idea that a person intends to do something in the future. Examples: He is going to spend his vacation in London. A: When are we going to meet each other tonight? B: We are going to meet at 6 PM. 10

Articles ‘A, an and the’ A or an means one person or thing. We use a or an: 1) before singular nouns: I've been to a concert. we saw an elephant. 2) before the name of a job: My sister wants to be an engineer. 11

Articles We use the: 1) before singular nouns that we have already mentioned with a/an: We saw an elephant. The elephant was standing under some trees. 2) before singular, plural or uncountable nouns when we say exactly which person or thing we mean: The people who live next door are really nice. Where's the brown sugar? 12

Articles Use zero article (-) with -The names of most countries, cities and continents: Saudi Arabia, Argentina, Warsaw, Beijing, Europe, Asia -Geographical areas in adjective phrases: I live in (-) north-west Egypt, (-) eastern France -The names of single mountains and lakes: Mount Kilimanjaro, Lake Titicaca -Exact days, months and times: on (-) Friday, in (-) March, at (-) 7 o’clock. 13

There is - There are We use there is and there are to say that something exists. So "there is" and "there are" to talk about things we can see and things that exist. For example: We use there is for singular and there are for plural. There is one table in the classroom. There are three chairs in the classroom. 14

There is - There are Questions To form a question we place is / are in front of there. Is there a dog in the supermarket? - No, there isn't. 15

Thank You Any Questions and Comments ? 16

Recommended References Redston, C., Cunningham, S(2012) Face 2 face. Cambridge: Cambridge University press. nglish/multimedia/london/unit4/ nglish/multimedia/london/unit4/ 17