J.R.R. Tolkien J.R.R Tolkien, the British writer, gifted linguist, born January 3, 1892, began in 1925 as a professor at Oxford University. Tolkien‘s imagination with magnificent and sophisticated language for English-speaking world construct a stunning new myth system. He is the author of a series of Middle-earth epic, the most far-reaching is The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings, these two giant known as Contemporary Fantasy the originator of the work, inspired countless literary and artistic inspiration. In 1972, Britain's Queen Elizabeth II awarded Tolkien the Commander of the British Empire Medal. Died in Oxford, September 2, Tolkien's death, his reputation has grown works, one that has been sold more than 250 million copies, and has been translated into more than 60 languages.

The Hobbit The Hobbit was originally written for his children's fireside story, first published in 1937, one that has been translated into 64 languages, sold more than 100 million, becoming one of the most literary classics of the 20th century.

Background Early in 1930, Tolkien at Pembroke College Oxford to pursue an academic career as a professor. Several of his poems in magazines and books published and write some stories to his children. At that time he was marking School Certificate examinations. He found a blank page. With a sudden inspiration, Tolkien wrote: "In a hole in the ground there lived a hobbit.". By the end of 1932, he has completed of this story.

Synopsis Bilbo Baggins became a snitch,joined Gandalf, Thorin and other twelve dwarves, the expedition was Smaug occupied the Lonely Mountain. This leads Bilbo Baggins adventured to Rivendel, through Mirkwood （幽暗森林）, finally arrived in Lonely Mountain. After Thorin Oakenshield regained Lonely Mountain, got the Arkenstone （阿肯宝石） back. Then the Battle of Five Armies （五军之战） outbroken.阿肯宝石

Arkenstone The heart of the mountain. A heirloom for King of the mountain. Can call all the armies assembled with Arkenstone. There is a secret door on Lonely Mountain, they have to open it with a key ， then enter into the mountain, got the Arkenstone back.

Stand by the grey stone when the thrush knocks and the setting sun with the last light of Durin's day will shine upon the keyhole. 当画眉鸟敲打的时候，站在灰色的岩石旁边， 落下的太阳藉着都灵之日的余晖，将会照 耀在钥匙孔上。

Hobbits Hobbits are very close to human appearance, but relatively short stature, usually only about four feet, the equivalent of an ordinary child‘s height. They have a pair of Bigfoot covered with curly and a pair of pointed ears, like tasting food, smoking, fighting, telling jokes and taking a nap. Hobbit habitual residence in the beautifully decorated hole in the ground, living aloof farming life 。

Dwarves Dwarves have bulky body with thick hair, they do not have magic, there are usually a lot of fat on the their stomach, they like to wear bright clothes.

Elves Elves are not old and do not die a natural death, and the far more powerful than human ， the physical appearance is also good to see.

Thranduil, Sindar elves ， King of Mirkwood, Oerlikon Fairfield's son, One of the important commanders Battle of Five Armies and The War of the Ring,

Wizards Wizards actually have a very noble birth. They came to the Middle-earth, the purpose is to help the elves, humans and dwarves against the dark, of course, is undoubtedly the biggest enemy of Sauron( 索伦）

Because fascination created out of the dark forces of Sauron, especially the Lord of the Rings, He defected and allied with Sauron, trying to seize the Ring.

Main plot They was almost eaten by trolls （巨魔）, fortunately Gandalf saved everyone. They suffered a Goblin, were caught into the underground world. Gandalf arrived, saved them again. Bilbo injured, fainted in the dark hole in the ground, Unexpectedly, he got a ring, he encountered a terrible monster Gollum. After a thrilling guessing game, but Bilbo escaped. Of course, a real help to his Lord of the Rings When he accidentally wear the ring was found: The Lord of the Rings make people invisible!

They encountered a Warg( 座狼 ), eagles( 巨鹰） saved them. After a period of time, they came to the front of Beron （熊人） house. Gandalf told Beron’s house. Gandalf told Beron their adventures, they stayed in the house with permission. Soon Beron lent them some pony （小马）. Dwarves and went into Mirkwood again. Inside, they lost food and scared of wood elves. Then they attacked by a group of spiders. But Baggins beat them. Later, all the wood elves caught Dwarves. Baggins put on his Lord of the Rings and then disappeared. He chased wood elves to their kingdom. He found a way to escape, with some barrels( 木桶）. They successfully escaped to the villages ruled by humans

Main character Bilbo Baggins ： He is a kind dwarf who has a distinguished life experience. He is the Bungle Baggins and Beladonna Took son. Baggins family is a subsidiary of aristocratic landowners and quite wealthy and respected. But he is more of a burden rather than helper.He got the Lord of the Rings from Gollum

Gandalf ： He is best known Maiar （迈雅） He secretly helped as a sorcerer against Sauron‘s （索伦） power in Middle- earth; in Mid-earth across the continent, different races have different names for him, Gandalf is northerners call him. His appearance often means adventure

Thorin Oakenshield （索林 · 橡木 盾 ) He is Thorne( 索恩） II’s son, Saul’s （索尔） grandson, He and the other dwarves were expelled from the Lonely Mountain by Smaug. He is a conceited leader,When Thorin II disappearance, Thorin Oakenshield became the dwarf kingdom‘s heir.

Gollum A monster living in the underground Lake. His name is Smeagol, and later named with the sounds he makes,Gollum, his life because of the Lord of the Rings ’ power and extend his lifetime. He desire to have the Lord of the Rings.

Smaug Smaug is the last one dragon in Middle- earth, he has made the Dale ( 河谷 镇 )abandoned, occupied Lonely Mountain and its treasures. He killed a lot of dwarves and put them out of Lonely Mountain ， Smaug is also known as Smaug the Golden ， Smaug very familiar with his treasure trove ， Smaug’s abdomen covered with stones, which makes him almost no damage, but Bilbo found there is no protection in his left chest, Bilbo tells dwarf about this weakness, and the thrush also heard this news who inhabit in Lonely Mountain, and tell Bard. Later, Smaug attacked Esgaroth （长湖镇）, Bard killed Smaug with black arrows of his left chest.

Troll is a great strength, but is low intelligent creatures

Orc A Short, ugly and brutal nature of the race ， provoked Battle of Five Armies ，

A wolf ally with the Orcs, was ride in the back by Orcs in the war.

Spider

Ending Finally they came to the Lonely Mountain, Bilbo angered Samug, the dragon was killed by Bard when he attacked the Esgaroth.The dwarves got back the treasure from the dragon cave. Elves and humans coalition were attempting to snatch the treasure. The Orcs （半兽人）, which broke out in Battle of Five Armies. Thorin died, land of the East get peace, Bilbo will embark on the road to return home.