Unit 2 Neuro-anatomy. The neuron The neuron is the basic cellular structure which transmits nerve impulses throughout a complex network of interconnecting.

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Presentation transcript:

Unit 2 Neuro-anatomy

The neuron The neuron is the basic cellular structure which transmits nerve impulses throughout a complex network of interconnecting brain cells. Neurons can be modified by experience, and they are said to learn, remember, and forget as a result of experiences.

Neuron

Neuroglia cells Provide structural support to neurons Aide in the regeneration of injured nerve fibers Occupy injured sites by producing scar tissue Transport gas, water, and metabolites from blood Remove waste from the nerve cell region

Dorsal View of Left and Right Hemispheres Left Hemisphere Right Hemisphere Posterior Anterior Longitudinal Fissure

Lateral View of Left Cerebral Lobe Temporal Lobe Occipital Lobe Parietal Lobe Frontal Lobe

Brain stem The Medulla Oblongata –It has major projections to the cranial nerves –It is the site for the decussation of the sensory and motor tracks –It contains a major portion of the Reticular Activating System (RAS), which is responsible for regulatory functions, sleep, and general arousal.

Cerebellum Receives sensory information about limb orientation and coordinates appropriate muscle response. Injury can result in problems with movement, speech, blurred vision and dizziness.

Forebrain Olfactory bulb –Receives sensory information regarding smell Lateral ventricals –Filled with cerebral spinal fluid

Forebrain

Mid and hind brain

Brain regions Cortical regions –Temporal lobes –Parietal lobes –Occipital lobes –Frontal lobes Subcortical regions –Basal ganglia, limbic system, hypothalamus

The Lobes Parietal: has to do with sensory information Temporal: has to do with memory, visual recognition, hearing, and emotion Occipital: has to do with interpreting visual information Frontal: planning, organization, self- monitoring and regulation, and abstract thinking

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