Sex Differences in Pain From Both Sides of the Syringe.

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Presentation transcript:

Sex Differences in Pain From Both Sides of the Syringe

Who’s More Sensitive to Pain: Men or Women?

Prevalence of Painful Disorders by Sex Berkley, Behav. Brain Sci., 1997

Epidemiology of Chronic Pain States by Sex Mogil, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 2012

Laboratory Experiments of Sex Differences in Pain

Women are More Sensitive to Pain Mogil, Nat. Rev. Neurosci., 2012

Male Rodents are Overwhelmingly the Subjects of Basic Science Studies of Pain

This is a Scandal…Why Does it Persist? Mogil and Chanda, Pain, 2005

Quantitative vs. Qualitative Sex Differences Morphine + Dextromethorphan (DXMP) Nemmani et al., Pain, 2004 Kest et al., JPET, 1999 More Pain Less Pain

Clinical Trials of MorphiDex ®

The Tip of the Iceberg?

Is All This Male-Specific?

Male-Specific Reversal of Neuropathic and Inflammatory Mechanical Allodynia by Spinally Administered Glial Inhibitors Minocycline Fluorocitrate Propentofylline More Pain Less Pain More Pain Less Pain Sorge et al., Nat. Neurosci., in press

The First Sex Difference in Cellular Mediation of a Non-Reproductive Phenomenon? vs.

Pregnancy Analgesia

Pregnancy Analgesia Also Involves Neuroimmunity Migraine Frequency Black: no attacks White: <1/month Hatched: 1-3/month Double: 1-3/week Sances et al., 2003 More Pain Less Pain Rosen et al., in prep. More Pain Less Pain

Sex Differences in Conditioned Pain?

Conditioned Pain Hypersensitivity in Mice More Pain Less Pain

Conditioned Pain Hypersensitivity…is Male-Specific

Conditioned Pain Hypersensitivity in Humans

CPH in Humans is Also Male-Specific

Complexities…

Interaction of AVPR1A Genotype with Sex and Stress in the Mediation of Capsaicin Pain Less Pain More Pain AVPR1A Genotype

Effect of Experimenter Sex on Pain and Stress in Rodents

Experimenter Presence Causes Analgesia Assay: Zymosan (0.1 mg) into both ankle joints Measure: Mouse Grimace Scale MGS Score (0-2) Less Pain More Pain Sorge et al., Nat. Meth., 2014

Do Mammals Have an Inborn Fear of Males?

Conclusions

Thanks to… At McGill: Dr. Shad Smith Jennifer Ritchie Susana Sotocinal Dr. Kumar Nemmani Jean-Sebastien Austin Dr. Mona Lisa Chanda Dr. Dale J. Langford Dr. Michael LaCroix-Fralish Melissa A. Farmer Ara Scorscher-Petcu Dr. Andrea L. Bailey Dr. Robert E. Sorge Jeffrey Weiskopf Alexander Tuttle Dr. Loren Martin Sarah Rosen At Illinois: Dr. Sonya (Wilson) Lehto Dr. Elissa Chesler Dr. Andrew Rankin Dr. William Lariviere Dr. Karine Bon Dr. Wan You Dr. Roger Fillingim (University of Florida) Dr. Inna Belfer (University of Pittsburgh) Dr. Wendy Sternberg (Haverford College) Dr. Claudia Campbell (Johns Hopkins University) Dr. Michael Salter (University of Toronto) Dr. Simon Beggs (University of Toronto) The Louise & Alan Edwards Foundation McGill Undergraduates