NURSING INFORMATICS IN U.S.A AND CANADA By: Ms. Gladys D. Papa, RN

CNA “Registered Nurses need to be able to demonstrate their unique contribution to the health of Canadians within Canada’s rapidly evolving healthcare system. Basic essential nursing information is required by nurses, employers, researchers, educators, policy makers, and clients so that informed decisions an be made about nursing’s role in the changing healthcare system” -Canadian Nurses’ Association, 1993.

HISTORY Hundred years ago, estimated of 98,000 hospitalized Americans died annually due to medical errors Harriet Werley, the 1 st designated nurse researcher at the Walter Reed Army Research Institute, to determine the possible usage of computer in health care. He was then saw the potential usage of the computer as to stored patient’s data to improve the quality of care the 1 st record of ‘computer application in nursing’.

CONT. HISTORY Introduction of the personal computer. At the late 1980s, most hospital had atleast rudimentary information system, in which nurses need to enter data such as admission profiles, diet, medication and treatments into a computer The International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA), conducted the 1st Conference in Nursing Informatics a Forum on Computer Application in Nursing conducted by the ANA ( American Nurses Association) and NLN ( National League for Nursing)

CONT. HISTORY The Introduction of Internet. The web-based applications made the transfer of health information possible. The Nursing Minimum Data Set, the 1st CAN informatics initiative as a response to the strong conviction that a centralized national health data system must include the nursing data.

CONT. HISTORY The National Nursing Informatics Project was developed to promote competencies, educational strategies and priorities in Nursing Informatics System development lead by Canadian Nurses Association CAN released a lot of documents to support Nursing Informatics in Canada. The Nursing Informatics definition was made by National Nursing Informatics Project working group.

DEFINITION Nursing Informatics Definition: “Nursing Informatics is the application of computer science and information science to nursing. NI promotes the generation, management and processing of relevant data in order to use information and develop knowledge that supports nursing in all practice domains” ( CNA, 2001)

CONT. HISTORY Alberta Netcare created by the government of Alberta which provides access to demographic data, prescribed/ dispense drugs, known allergies/ intolerancds, immunizations, laboratories, diagnostic imaging reports and other medical reports CAN launched the Canadian Nurses Portal Project, in the form of E-nurse strategy. Its purpose is to guide the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).

CONT. HISTORY IMIA-NI revised the Nursing Informatics Definition, as to “Nursing Informatics science and practice integrates nursing, its information and knowledge and their management with information and communication technologies to promote the health of people, families and communities world wide”

AMIA ( AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION ) -is an informatics working group which serves as U.S.A’s representative to IMIA (International Medical Informatics Association) AMIA Mission It aims to lead the way in transforming health care through trusted science, education, and the practice of informatics through connecting to a broad community of professionals and students interested in informatics, and as the bridge for knowledge and collaboration across a continuum, from basic and applied research to the consumer and public health arenas.

AMIA AMIA actively supports five domains : Translational Bioinformatics- is the development of storage, analytic, and interpretive methods to optimize the transformation of increasingly voluminous biomedical data, and genomic data Clinical Research Informatics- the use of informatics in the discovery and management of new knowledge relating to health and disease.

AMIA Clinical Informatics- is the application of informatics and information technology to deliver healthcare services. Consumer Health Informatics- is the field devoted to informatics from multiple consumer or patient views. Public Health Informatics- is the application of informatics in areas of public health, including surveillance, prevention, preparedness, and health promotion.

AMIA AMIA's program and services core purposes is to: advance the science of informatics promote the education of informatics assure that health information technology is used most effectively to promote health and health care advance the profession of informatics provide services for our members such as networking and opportunities for professional development.

CIHI (CANADIAN INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH INFORMATION) Exist to serve all elements of Canada’s health care system in an equall and responsive way. (Rhial LeBlanc, Pres. And CEO of CIHI)

CIHI Vision: Better data. Better decisions. Healthier Canadians. Mission: To lead the development and maintenance of comprehensive and integrated health information that enables sound policy and effective health system management that improve health and health care.

CIHI Four elements reflect their culture and are critical to success: Quality and data standards Privacy and security of data Information technology Partnerships

CIHI WORKS: introduced Strategic Plan for Health Information Management in British Columbia, which provides guidelines for holistic assessment and processing of information Produced 2 nd edition of guidelines which includes issues related to advancement of health information and technology. portal/internet/EN/SubTheme/about+cihi/vision+and+mandate/cihi010703

CIHI published updated version of Roadmap Initiative, a national vision plan to modernize Canada’s health information system. -The group also produce a comprehensive Good sourcing Statistics website related to Canadian health and health care. portal/internet/EN/SubTheme/about+cihi/vision+and+mandate/cihi010703

COACH (CANADIAN ORGANIZATION FOR ADVANCEMENT OF COMPUTERS IN HEALTH) Founded in 1975 Actively initiated professional protocols for using computer systems in Canadian Health Care Launched Patron Program, which aims to build stronger links between COACH and private, and public enterprises to achieve the mission.

COACH Mission: to promotes understanding and effective utilization of information and information technologies within the Canadian Healthcare Industry through education, information, networking and communication. Vision: to be the CATALYST in advancing the practice of health information management in Canada.

CNIA (CANADIAN NURSING INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION) Exist to help nurses across Canada to learn, share, research, and create informatics- related projects and experiences that can help the competencies, theory and practice of informatics on a national level.

CNIA Goals: To provide nursing leadership for the development of Nursing/Health informatics in Canada. To establish national networking opportunities for nurse informaticians. To facilitate informatics educational opportunities for all nurses in Canada. To engage in international nursing informatics initiatives. To act as a nursing advisory group in matters of nursing and health informatics. To expand awareness of Nursing Informatics to all nurses and the healthcare community.

CNIA Mission: To be the voice for Nursing Informatics in Canada. The group conducted a study in on the Informatics Educational Needs of Canadian Nurses funded by the Office of Health and Information Highway Health Canada (OHIH)