Career Counseling: A Holistic Approach Chapter 5: Career Counseling Intake Interview ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Career Counseling Intake Interview for Career & Personal Concerns The purpose of the interview is to learn as much as possible about the individual and use this information to make connections between career and personal concerns Use self report forms - can be discussed to establish rapport with one’s clients Clarify the reasons clients have given for coming to counseling – ongoing task; use all information; ask probing questions to reveal problems that have been held back Focus on resources, strengths, & well-being, not just problems – positive assets can be used to counteract feelings of anxiety, worry, fear, etc) Determinants of well-being in the workplace – box 5.1 ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Suggestions for Interviewing Multicultural Groups Developing a greater sensitivity to diverse clients has become increasingly important for career counselors The core dimension of interviewing is effective communication between clients and counselors Counselors for opinions and make assumptions based on both verbal & non-verbal communications The counselor must be aware of a wide spectrum of ethnic and cultural characteristics that influence behavior Determine level of acculturation (p 141) & level of assimilation in the transformation process (p 142) General recommendations – pp 141- 144 ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Career Choice & Career Development Constraints Values & core beliefs are influenced by environmental experiences & life course events, which drive significant decisions Contextual experiences are very important influences on the development of worldview, cognitive schemas & behavior – socialization process in which one absorbs culture & develops a basis for identity & establishes a personality Most people remain in the social class of their origin Contextual experiences influence one’s view of the future Self-perceptions are particularly significant for career identity ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Negative Cognitions Faulty beliefs and assumptions have been a primary target of human service practitioners over time Negative views of the future, about self and about the world of work, suggest that a client has low self-esteem as well as self-concept and self-efficacy deficits Negative cognitions usually increase the level of demeaning self talk that can lead to indecision and negative overgeneralizations Counselors should be alert to any indications of dysfunctional thinking Assessment instruments can provide an objective appraisal ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Psychological Disorders Psychological disorders can affect all life roles including work Human service practitioners address a variety of client problems including concerns that are identified by symptoms of psychological disorders Detecting early symptoms of disorders is key – to moderate severity Counselors must identify barriers that constrain career choice & interfere with career development – examples, p 146 ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Anxiety Disorders (P 148) Anxiety is one of the building blocks that can lead to many disorders Apprehension, worry, fear and panic characterize anxiety disorders Phobias are fears of specific objects such as a spider or some other animal. Agoraphobia is a fear of places such as malls Social Phobia: fear of being judged harshly by others in public Generalized Anxiety Disorder: excessive worry that persists for at least six months ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Somatoform Disorders (pp 148-149) This group is characterized by concerns with the physical body and its functions Imagined illnesses and physical complaints that have no medical basis are good examples of this disorder Hypochondriasis Somatization Conversion Disorders ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved. Mood Disorders (pp 149-150) Emotional states defined as depression or “lows” and euphoria or “highs” Mood can change rapidly There are two types of mood disorders— depression and bipolar disorder Over time one can experience repeated episodes and may develop long lasting symptoms ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Personality Disorders (pp 151-152 Cluster A--referred to as odd or eccentric disorders Cluster B--antisocial, borderline, histrionic and narcissistic Cluster C--avoidant, dependent and obsessive compulsive ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Substance Abuse Screening Alcoholism and drug abuse in the workplace has not only been a hot topic of discussion over several decades but continues to be a major focus of concern by personnel offices worldwide Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory Substance Abusive Subtle Screening Inventory A2 ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.

Standardized Symptom Checklists SCI-90-R Brief Symptoms Inventory ©2016. Cengage Learning. All rights reserved.