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 What is the nature of man?  What are the qualities of effective leadership?  How do you effectively govern?  Upon what, primarily, does survival most depend? 6/13/2016 2

MORE ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS…  How are our human flaws revealed? What do our flaws reveal about us?  How does Golding use setting and characters in Lord of the Flies to express his ideas about people?

WHAT WE MAY COME TO UNDERSTAND  People’s baser instincts are often stronger than their nobler ones in creating human societies.  The defects in society are related to the defects in human nature.  Novelists often use their fiction to make statements about their personal or political beliefs.

 Contrary to his earlier work, Rousseau (Jean-Jacques Rousseau, born in Geneva in 1712) claimed that the state of nature is a brutish condition without law or morality, and that there are good men only as a result of society's presence. 6/13/2016 5

 Because he can be more successful facing threats by joining with other men, he has the impetus to do so. He joins together with his fellow men to form the collective human presence known as "society." "The Social Contract" is the "compact" agreed to among men that sets the conditions for membership in society. 6/13/2016 6

 In his early writing, Rousseau contended that man is essentially good, a "noble savage" when in the "state of nature”, and that good people are made unhappy and corrupted by their experiences in society. 6/13/2016 7

 He viewed society as "artificial" and "corrupt" and that the furthering of society results in the continuing unhappiness of man. 6/13/2016 8

 Original sin is said to result from the Fall of Man, meaning we are inherently equipped to sin and fail against one another.  It goes against our nature and predilections to do “good”. 6/13/2016 9

 This first sin, an action of the first humans, is traditionally understood to be the cause of "original sin", the fallen state from which humans can be saved only by God's grace. 6/13/

 The nature versus nurture debates concern the relative importance of an individual's innate qualities ("nature“), versus personal experiences ("nurture") in determining or causing individual differences in physical and behavioral traits. 6/13/

 The view that humans acquire all or almost all their behavioral traits from "nurture" is known as tabula rasa ("blank slate"). 6/13/