New developments and their interaction in the marine and coastal zones – the developers perspective. Key problems and solutions. Tidal Lagoon Power

Tidal lagoons – the concept Marine impoundment, one entry/exit Bidirectional turbines Total power depends on: o tidal “head” o surface area (scalable) 3-4 years build time 120 years design life Lagoon interior “flushed” 4 x a day Multi-purpose energy infrastructure Positive ecological & lifestyle benefits Potential coastal & flood protection 24

Tidal lagoons: secure, renewable energy at a nuclear scale, but with…  Faster deployment  Longer life  No subsidy for most of life  British ownership  British supply chain  Safe & inexpensive decommissioning  Coastal flood protection  Amenity value  Education & arts programs  Conservation, restocking & biodiversity programme

24 Wall length: 9.5km Area: 11.5km 2 Installed capacity: 320MW Daily generating time: 14 hours Annual output (net): 495GWh Annual CO 2 savings: 236,000 t Design life: 120yrs Height of wall: 5-20m Wall above low water: 12m Wall above high water: 3.5m Tidal range Neaps: 4.1m Tidal range Springs: 8.5m Tidal Lagoon Swansea Bay: a blueprint

6 lagoons 30 TWh 8% 30% UK electricity* == UK homes or *Upon completion of 6 lagoons (2027) Projected UK power generation 2027 (DECC, 2013) = TWh Average h’hold consumption (DECC, Mar ‘14) = 3.8 MWh UK h’holds (ONS, 2013) = 26,414,000

Multi-purpose infrastructure

Planning context Planning Act 2008  +100MW offshore lagoon = NSIP  DCO comprises: seawall, turbine housing, offshore cable, limited onshore facilities Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009  Marine license required for construction and dredging in Welsh waters  Issued by Welsh Govt. Marine Licensing Team of Natural Resources Wales (NRW) Town & Country Planning Act 1990  Apply to Swansea/NPT Councils for elements outside NSIP above Mean Low Water 8

Key planning issues  Constant since Day One: o Coastal processes o Ecology (incl. fish, birds, marine mammals, other species) o Water quality o Visual impact o Navigation  Focus in examination: o Welsh devolution and AD o Decommissioning o HRA and WFD 9

 Build on consultation/engagement success  Seek NPS support for tidal lagoons and mitigation/compensation  Follow Evidence Plan process  Better technical design  Fuller AEMP at submission  Fuller decomm’g strategy at submission  Better address the uncertainties for earlier SoCG Planning for future UK projects

Tidal Lagoon Cardiff Indicative design: Average tide:9.21m Area:70km 2 Length: 22km Turbines:60-90 Installed cap:1, ,800MW Output: 4-6TWh p/a Comfortably enough low carbon electricity to power every home in Wales * *Average annual electricity consumption per Welsh household = 3,928 kWh m Welsh households Figures are based on a single indicative design iteration and are not necessary representative of any scheme that may be developed

International tidal lagoon potential Deep red locations have high tidal range & may present lagoon opportunities

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