Urticaria 응급의학과 R2 성 병모. Urticaria Cutaneous elevation Cutaneous elevation  Blood vessel dilatation and edema lesion in the dermis Superficial Superficial.

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Presentation transcript:

Urticaria 응급의학과 R2 성 병모

Urticaria Cutaneous elevation Cutaneous elevation  Blood vessel dilatation and edema lesion in the dermis Superficial Superficial Polymorphic Polymorphic Pruritic Pruritic

Etiology Drug Drug  Penicillin  Sulfa  Aspirin  ACE inhibitor Food Food Insect bites Insect bites Pregnancy Pregnancy Emotional stress Emotional stress

Urticaria

Urticaria

Histamine 모세혈관 투과성 : 혈액 단백이나 수액성분 이 혈관외로 유출되고 그결과 부종이 생김 모세혈관 투과성 : 혈액 단백이나 수액성분 이 혈관외로 유출되고 그결과 부종이 생김 미세혈관 확장 : 혈관 내피세포의 H1, 혈관 평활근의 H2 수용체를 흥분시켜 혈관 이완 미세혈관 확장 : 혈관 내피세포의 H1, 혈관 평활근의 H2 수용체를 흥분시켜 혈관 이완 신경말단 : 구심성 지각신경말단에 분포한 H1 수용체를 흥분시켜 가려움증, 통증 유발 신경말단 : 구심성 지각신경말단에 분포한 H1 수용체를 흥분시켜 가려움증, 통증 유발

Histamine 수용체 고전적 antihistamine 제로 반응이 봉쇄되는 조직의 histamine 수용체를 H1 수용체 고전적 antihistamine 제로 반응이 봉쇄되는 조직의 histamine 수용체를 H1 수용체 고전적 antihistamine 제로 봉쇄되지 않는 histamine 수용체를 H2 수용체 고전적 antihistamine 제로 봉쇄되지 않는 histamine 수용체를 H2 수용체

Antihistamine 혈관 내피세포의 H1 수용체 흥분에 의한 혈 관 이완은 H1 길항제에 의해 봉쇄 혈관 내피세포의 H1 수용체 흥분에 의한 혈 관 이완은 H1 길항제에 의해 봉쇄 혈관 평활근 H2 수용체에 의한 혈관 이완이 나 혈압 하강은 H2 수용체 길항제를 함께 투여해야 봉쇄 혈관 평활근 H2 수용체에 의한 혈관 이완이 나 혈압 하강은 H2 수용체 길항제를 함께 투여해야 봉쇄

Treatment Antihistamines(Both H1 and H2) are the first therapeutic drugs Antihistamines(Both H1 and H2) are the first therapeutic drugs Because 85% of histamine receptors in the skin are H1 and 15% H2, adding an H2 Blocker would benefit a histamine- induced urticarial reaction Because 85% of histamine receptors in the skin are H1 and 15% H2, adding an H2 Blocker would benefit a histamine- induced urticarial reaction

Treatment 2 세대 antihistamine combination theraphy 2 세대 antihistamine combination theraphy 2 세대 antihistamine at morning+1 세대 antihistamine at night 2 세대 antihistamine at morning+1 세대 antihistamine at night In Unresponsive patients, High dose(up to fourfold) should be tried In Unresponsive patients, High dose(up to fourfold) should be tried

Antihistamine(H1receptor blocker) 유도체 및 상품명 작용시간진정효과 Ethanolamine 1.Diphenhydramine(Benadryl)4-6hr+++ 2.Dimenhydrinate(Dramamine)4-6hr+++ 3.Carbinoxamine(Clistin)3-4hr+ Ethylenediamine 1.Tripelennamine(PBZ)4-6hr++ 2.Pyrilamine(Neo-antergan)4-6hr++ 3.Antazoline(Vascon-A)3-4hr++

Antihistamine(H1 receptor blocker) 유도체 및 상품명 작용시간진정효과 Alkylamine 1.Chlorpheniramine(Chlortrimeton)4-6hr++ 2.Brompheniramine(Dimetane)4-6hr++ 3.Cetrizine(Zyrtec)12-24hr- 4.Acrivastine(Semprex-d)6-8hr+ Piperazine 1.Hydroxyzine(Atarax)6-24hr++ 2.Cyclizine(Marezine)4-6hr++ 3.Meclizine(Bonine)12-24hr+

Antihistamine(H1 receptor blocker) 유도체 및 상품명 작용시 간 진정효 과 Phenothiazine 1.Promethazine(Phenergan)4-6hr+++ Piperidine 1.Astemizole(Hismanal)<24hr- 2.Tenfenadine(Seldane) hr - 3.Levocabastin(Livostin) _ 4.Loratadine(Claritin)24hr-

H1 receptor blocker 1. 1 세대 H1 receptor blocker 전통적인 H1 길항제로서, 수용체에서 히스타민 에 경쟁적 억제제로 작용함. 전통적인 H1 길항제로서, 수용체에서 히스타민 에 경쟁적 억제제로 작용함 분내 작용 /4-6 시간 작용시간 분내 작용 /4-6 시간 작용시간 Sedation Sedation 2. 2 세대 H1 receptor blocker 비경쟁적으로 H1 수용체에 결합하여, 히스타민 에 의해 쉽게 떨어지지 않으므로 작용시간이 김. 비경쟁적으로 H1 수용체에 결합하여, 히스타민 에 의해 쉽게 떨어지지 않으므로 작용시간이 김. Anti-inflammatory effect Anti-inflammatory effect Sedation(+-) Sedation(+-)

Antihistamine(H1 receptor antagonist) 1 세대 Chlorpheniramine maleate Chlorpheniramine maleate  Peniramin tab(20), inj(200) Diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine  Benadryl pow(10) Dimenhydrinate Dimenhydrinate  Bonaling-A(30) Hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine  Ucerax(30)

Antihistamine(H1 receptor antagonist) 2 세대 Fexofenadine Fexofenadine  Allegra(550) Levocetirizine Levocetirizine  Xyzal tab(470) Loratadine Loratadine  Clarityne(300) Mizolastine Mizolastine  Mizollene(530) Oxatomide Oxatomide  Tinset(180)

Antihistmine(H2 receptor antagonist) Cimetidine Cimetidine  H2 inj(250), Tagamet(90) Nizatidine Nizatidine  Axid(850) Famotidine Famotidine  Gaster inj(850), Bestidine(260) Ranitidine Ranitidine  Curan inj(1240) Roxatidine Roxatidine  Roxan(660)

Corticosteroid Ulticaria 와 같은 체액성 면역 반응에서 면역 억제 작 용을 함. Ulticaria 와 같은 체액성 면역 반응에서 면역 억제 작 용을 함. Onset of action of approximately 4 to 6 hours after administration Onset of action of approximately 4 to 6 hours after administration Limited benefit in the acute treatment Limited benefit in the acute treatment Most useful in persistent bronchospasm or hypotension Most useful in persistent bronchospasm or hypotension Prevent the biphasic reaction Prevent the biphasic reaction

Glucocorticoid Glucocorticoid GlucocorticoidPotency Short-acting glucocorticoid Hydrocortisone(CORTEF)1 Prednisone4 Methylprednisolone(MEDROL)5 Intermediate-acting glucocorticoid Triamcinolone5 Paramethasone10 Long-acting glucocorticoid Dexamethasone25

Glucocorticoid 1. Short acting glucocorticoids Hydrocortisone(240) Hydrocortisone(240)  Hydrocortisone tab, Solu-cortef inj(2940) 2. Intermediate glucocorticoids Deflazacort Deflazacort  Calcort(550) Methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone  Solu-medrol inj(7760)

Glucocorticoids Prednisolone Prednisolone  Solondo(30) Triamcinolone Triamcinolone  Ledercort(90)  Tamceton inj(1240) 3. Long acting glucocorticoids Dexamethasone Dexamethasone  Dexamethasone inj(270)  Dexamethasone tab(30)

Urticaria 약속처방 #1 약속처방 1. 2 nd generation antihistamine combination 2. H2 receptor blocker 3. Glucocorticoid #2 약속처방 1. 2 nd generation antihistamine+1 st antihistamine combination 2. H2 receptor blocker 3. Glucocorticoid

약속처방 Urticaria 약속처방 #1 1. Clarityne(360)+Xyzal(470) 2. Tagamet(90) 3. Solondo(30) 약속처방 #2 1. Benadryl pow(10)+clarityne(360) 2. Tagamet(90) 3. Solondo(30)

Reference 이우주의 약리학 강의 이우주의 약리학 강의 EM practice: allergies and anaphylaxis EM practice: allergies and anaphylaxis Rosen’s emergency medicine Rosen’s emergency medicine BSACI guidelines for urticaria BSACI guidelines for urticaria -Clinical and experimental allergy 2007 EAACI/GALEN/EDF guideline: management of urticaria- allergy 2006 EAACI/GALEN/EDF guideline: management of urticaria- allergy 2006