 The cell wall is the outer most part of the cell, not found in animals but found in many plants, some fungi, algae, and bacteria, that provides a supporting framework.  The cell membrane is the second outermost layer of the cell in plants and is the outermost layer in animals. It surrounds the cytoplasm and allows substances to go in and out of the cell.  The Plasmodesmata are fine cytoplasmic strands that connect protoplast of adjacent plant cells passing through the cell wall. These are only found in plant cells.  The cytoskeleton is the structure of the cell. It acts as a support system, exactly like the human skeleton.  Cillia are long hair-like rods that stick out of an animal cell’s cell membrane. They are used to help the animal cell move.

 The nucleus is the brain of the cell. The function of the nucleus is to regulate cell activities.  Inside the nucleus is the nucleolus. It’s function is to make ribosomes which are responsible for making proteins. There are two types of ribosomes, free and non-free ribosomes. Free ribosomes aren’t attached to ER and non-free are.  Surrounding the nucleus is the nuclear membrane, also known as the nuclear envelope. It has the same purpose as the cell membrane, to support and protect the structure. In the nuclear membrane are nuclear pores which is an octagonal opening were the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope are continuous.  Also, there are chromosomes located in the nucleus. Chromosomes are what DNA makes up. This is were animals and or plants get their genes and genetic information.  The nucleoplasm is the protoplasm in the nucleus, and it holds the organelles of the nucleus in place.

 The First organelle is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Its job is to transport materials throughout the cell. These are known as the cells chemical activities. There are two types of ER. These are called: rough ER and smooth ER. They share the same function but a rough ER has more ribosomes attached to it then a smooth ER.  The second is the Golgi complex/ apparatus/ body which has a similar structure to ER. It is a complex of parallel, flattened saccules, vesicles and vacuoles that lie adjacent to the nucleus. Inside it is Golgi Vesicles. They contain whatever enzymes or other substances have been transported through ER to the Golgi Complex/ Apparatus/ Body.

 Mitochondria is any of various very small, usually rod like structures found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that serve as a center of intracellular enzyme activity which produces the ATP needed to power the cell.  The vacuole is a large, fluid-filled compartment in the cytoplasm of a plant cell or smaller vesicle in the cytoplasm of any eukaryotic cell.  The cytoplasm of the cell is the living part of the cell inside the cell membrane and outside the nuclear membrane, where most of the day to day work occurs.

 Peroxisome and Lysosome are two different organelles but they have the same function/responsibility. They both breakdown other materials in the cell. Lysosomes are found in animal cells and rarely in plant cells.  Chloroplasts are small pods located only in plant cells. Their function is to absorb sunlight and transfer it into glucose(Food). This process is called photosynthesis. In the chloroplasts, are chlorophyll. They make the leaves on plants green.  Every animal cell has two small organelles called centrioles. They are there to help the cell when it goes through cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is a step in the cell cycle that splits the cell into two.