Power & Freedom Michel Foucault

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Presentation transcript:

Power & Freedom Michel Foucault The Body of the Condemned (Political Science 506)

Michel Foucault Social theorist & critic 1926-1984 “Critical history” of modernity Postmodernism & poststructuralism Left-wing politics Madness & Civilization Discipline & Punish The History of Sexuality First major figure in France to die of complications from HIV/AIDS

Discipline Causing people to behave in particular ways Can be via punishment, the threat of punishment, surveillance, or reward Old types of discipline rooted in spectacle, personal power Foucault argues that modern discipline is based in surveillance, and takes place in private Power omnipresent, and need never be exercised Prisons, schools, hospitals, militaries, factories are interacting institutions that rely on identical forms of discipline, creating individuals who act in cooperation for maximal economic productivity Modern punishment disciplines individuals by working on their souls Not preventing particular bad acts, but creating a desired kind of person

Disciplines Individuating Name & define individuals for treatment Normal Interlocking, the network of disciplines works together to create an edifice of power through omnipresent surveillance, the “panopticon” Martial discipline Psychology Biology Penal philosophy Medicine & health Sexuality Sociology Ethics Etc. etc. etc.

Architecture “Architectures” of power The space in which people live & interact Power more present in these architectures than in individuals While individuals may occupy particular nodes within these networks of power, the power resides in the architecture Literal and metaphorical Networks What are the beliefs and behaviors encouraged by a particular structure?