Tongue.

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Presentation transcript:

Tongue

Anomalies of the tongue Aglossia Tongue tie. Bifid Lingual thyroid Congenical fissured tongue Geographic tongue Macroglossia

Congenital causes of macroglossia Cavernous haemangioma A-V fistulae Lymphangioma Neurofibromatosis

Aquired causes - Muscular hypertrophy - Amyloidosis - Acromegaly Aquired causes - Muscular hypertrophy - Amyloidosis - Acromegaly - Diffuse carcinoma ,sarcoma

TONGUE INJURIES Mechanism of injury : Tongue biting (epileptic fit ) Fracture jaw C/F: bleeding ,if unconscious may be sever Rx : arrest bleeding (pressure ) Suturing UGA Haematoma may need tracheostomy

Inflammation of tongue 1- Acute :superficial (red, painful) or deep due to streptococcal infection or angioneurotic edema may need tracheostomy 2- Chronic : Due to irritation by smoking, denture ,sharp tooth.(erythroplakia then leukoplakia)

Treatment Stop irritation Wash with antiseptic Excisional biopsy Diathermy coagulation

3. Tuberculer glossitis 4 . Syphilitic glossitis at any stage of the disease 1ry ,2ry and 3ry. 5. Candida glossitis (oral thrush) 6. Apthus ulcer

Tongue ulcer 1- Traumatic e.g. denture 2- Inflammatory : Acute : apthus painful 2 weeks spontaneous healing,lichin planus ,herpetic. Chronic : tubercular ulcer (undermined edge +submandibular L.N Treatment: anti TB +antiseptic wash +anesthetic jelly. Syphilitic ulcer. Chronic superficial glossitis. 3- Neoplastic :Scc (commonest),lymphoma.

The lip

Common lesions 1- Herpis simplex infection : - Fever - Trauma 2- Malignant :carcinoma

Carcinoma of the lip Commonly in the lower lip away from the contact with the upper lip. Only 5%in the upper lip .

Spread Laterally rather than deeply. If uncontrolled it can spread to ant. Triangle of neck and invade the mandible. L .n. metastasis late.

Treatment Both surgery and radiotherapy are highly effective with cure rate 90% Up to one third of the lip can be removed with primary suture Larger tumor needs facial flap.