 Shapes Executive Branch  Cabinet of advisors  Alexander Hamilton  Secretary of the Treasury  Bank of the U.S.

 Federalists  Hamilton’s supporters of a strong federal govt.  Jeffersonian Republicans  Supported strong state govts.

HamiltonJefferson  Concentrate power in Federal Govt.  Fear of mob rule  Republic led by well- educated elite  Loose interpretation of the Constitution  National Bank Constitutional  Economy based on manufacturing & shipping  Supported by merchants, lawyers, manufacturers, clergy  Sharing power w/ states & local govt: limited national govt.  Fear of absolute power or ruler  Democracy of farmers & tradespeople  Strict interpretation of Constitution  National Bank Unconstitutional  Economy based on farming  Supported by “plain people”

a. XYZ Affair- French demands for bribes from the U.S. b. Alien & Sedition Act- limit rights of non-citizens (plagued his presidency)

c. Midnight Appointments  Marbury v. Madison: established the Court’s right to judicial review

Election of 1800: outcome resulted in a tie of the popular vote between the 2 candidates a. Foreign Policy 1. Louisiana Purchase: - bought territory from France

Foreign Policy (continued) b. Lewis and Clark began expedition into Louisiana Purchase territory in 1804  Sacajawea was a Native American who served as interpreter and guide

c. Leopard and Chesapeake-  British warship fired on American warship- passes Embargo Act, halting all trade with Europe

b. Domestic 1. Battle of Tippecanoe: ended in a massive slaughtering of Native Americans led by the Indiana governor William Henry Harrison

 Appointed by Adams  Staunch Federalist  Chief Justice  Served more than 30 years

a. War of U.S. declares war on Britain 1. Canada was British territory 2. Battle of Baltimore- bombardment of Fort McHenry  Francis Scott Key- “Star-Spangled Banner”

b. Treaty of Ghent 1814: released all prisoners and restored all war lands and boats

3. New Orleans-Battle won after war was over