WORLD HISTORY & CULTURES review
The best individual to exemplify Renaissance Italy’s social ideal for being a Painter Sculptor Architect Inventor Mathematician Leonardo da Vinci
The first masterpieces of early Renaissance art painted by Masaccio Frescoes
The first Protestant faith and the start of the Protestant Reformation Lutheranism
Document that accepted the division of Christianity in the Holy Roman Empire (Germany) One Ruler One Region One Religion Peace of Augsburg
Founded the Jesuits Ignatius of Loyola
The High Italian Renaissance is identified with these three artists Raphael Da Vinci Michelangelo
Document that attacked the abuses of Roman Catholic Church with the sale of indulgences and started the Reformation Ninety-five Theses
Explorer died believing he had found Asia, but was not given early credit for discovering the Americas Christopher Columbus
First European settlers of the Hudson River The Dutch
The original African slaves brought by the Spanish to the Americas to work on Sugarcane plantation
The Portuguese explorers called the southern coast of West Africa Gold Coast
Explored for England what is now the New England coastline John Cabot
Mercantilists believed that the prosperity of a nation depended on An Immense supply of bullion (gold & silver)
Name the journey of slaves from Africa to America Middle Passage
System of government in which a ruler holds total power Absolutism
The Parliament invitation for William of Orange to invade England and overthrow James II with little bloodshed (James II tripped) Glorious Revolution
The first to argue that the sun not the earth was the center of the universe (heliocentric) Nicholas Copernicus
Showed how one law, such as the universal law of gravitation, could explain all motions of the universe Isaac Newton
His theory suggests that people were molded by their own experiences because individual were born with a blank slate John Locke
His theory suggests that the state (gov) should not regulate the economy and the term laissez- faire was coined Adam Smith
The oath that the French National Assembly took vowing to continue meeting until they produced a French constitution Tennis Court Oath
Ordinary patriots without fine clothes during the French Revolution were identified with the French term meaning ‘without breeches’ Sans-culottes
The committee that was given broad powers to defend France from internal threats Committee of Public Safety
The British general that defeated Napoleon in his final battle at Waterloo The Duke of Wellington
French document that proclaimed equal rights for all men and no political rights for women The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
Promotion within Napoleon’s new bureaucracy was based on ability only, not rank or birth
The first industry affect by the Industrial Revolution Cotton cloth (textiles)
Workers start to have regular hours and do the same work over and over in factories created a new labor system
The belief that people should be as free as possible from government restraints Liberalism
Developed the steam engine that could drive machinery James Watt
The most crucial invention of the British Industrial Revolution steam engine
In a colony where local elites were removed from power and replaced with a new set of officials Direct rule
The only free states in Africa by 1914 Liberia and Ethiopia
During WWI characterized by trench warfare keeping both sided in the same position from 1914 to 1918 The Western Front
Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Germany Ottoman Empire a/k/a The Central Powers
Many Germans felt they had signed a harsh dictated peace Treaty of Versailles
Germany’s plan for a two-front war with Triple Entente members Russia and France the Schlieffen Plan
Reason why the United States joined the Allied side in WWI Germans’ use of submarines
Government that aims to control the political, economic, social, intellectual and cultural lives of its citizens Totalitarian
Gave Hitler the power to ignore the constitution for four years and create a totalitarian state Enabling Act
The November 9, 1938, destructive Nazi rampage against the Jews Kristallnacht
A key factor that lead many Germans of all classes to accept Hitler and the Nazis End Germany’s economic depression
Excluded Jews from German citizenship and forbade marriages between Jews and Germans Nuremberg laws
Britain and France declared war on Germany, two days after Hitler invaded Poland
Japanese surprise attack on December 7, 1941 of the U.S. Pacific fleet Pearl Harbor
Great Britain’s policy toward Germany prior to WWII based on the concept that satisfaction of reasonable demands would maintain peace in Europe Appeasement
Special strike forces charged with the task of rounding up and killing Jews Einsatzgruppen
Slaughter of 11 million European citizens—6 million were Jews by the Nazis Holocaust
Built to prevent East Germans from defecting to West Germany Berlin Wall
The United States adopted a policy toward the Soviet Union to stop the spread of communism containment
The first Protestant faith Lutheranism